Code2Math: Can Your Code Agent Effectively Evolve Math Problems Through Exploration?

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Guo, Dadi, Xie, Yuejin, Liu, Qingyu, Huang, Weixian, Liu, Jiayu, Fan, Zhiyuan, Ren, Qihan, Shao, Shuai, Zhou, Tianyi, Feng, Jianjie, Su, Wenze, Yang, Yujiu, Liu, Dongrui, Fung, Yi R.
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Guo, Dadi
Xie, Yuejin
Liu, Qingyu
Huang, Weixian
Liu, Jiayu
Fan, Zhiyuan
Ren, Qihan
Shao, Shuai
Zhou, Tianyi
Feng, Jianjie
Su, Wenze
Yang, Yujiu
Liu, Dongrui
Fung, Yi R.
author_facet Guo, Dadi
Xie, Yuejin
Liu, Qingyu
Huang, Weixian
Liu, Jiayu
Fan, Zhiyuan
Ren, Qihan
Shao, Shuai
Zhou, Tianyi
Feng, Jianjie
Su, Wenze
Yang, Yujiu
Liu, Dongrui
Fung, Yi R.
contents As large language models (LLMs) advance their mathematical capabilities toward the IMO and research level, the scarcity of challenging, high-quality problems has become a significant bottleneck for training, evaluation and self-evolution of LLMs. Simultaneously, recent code agents have demonstrated sophisticated skills in agentic coding and reasoning, suggesting that code execution can serve as a scalable environment for mathematical experimentation. In this paper, we investigate the potential of code agents to autonomously evolve existing math problems into more complex variations. We introduce a multi-agent framework designed to perform problem evolution while validating the solvability and increased difficulty of the generated problems. Our experiments demonstrate that, given sufficient test-time exploration, code agents can synthesize new, solvable problems that are structurally distinct from and more challenging than the originals. This work provides empirical evidence that code-driven agents can serve as a viable mechanism for synthesizing high-difficulty mathematical reasoning problems within scalable computational environments. Code and data is available at https://github.com/TarferSoul/Code2Math.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_03202
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Code2Math: Can Your Code Agent Effectively Evolve Math Problems Through Exploration?
Guo, Dadi
Xie, Yuejin
Liu, Qingyu
Huang, Weixian
Liu, Jiayu
Fan, Zhiyuan
Ren, Qihan
Shao, Shuai
Zhou, Tianyi
Feng, Jianjie
Su, Wenze
Yang, Yujiu
Liu, Dongrui
Fung, Yi R.
Computation and Language
As large language models (LLMs) advance their mathematical capabilities toward the IMO and research level, the scarcity of challenging, high-quality problems has become a significant bottleneck for training, evaluation and self-evolution of LLMs. Simultaneously, recent code agents have demonstrated sophisticated skills in agentic coding and reasoning, suggesting that code execution can serve as a scalable environment for mathematical experimentation. In this paper, we investigate the potential of code agents to autonomously evolve existing math problems into more complex variations. We introduce a multi-agent framework designed to perform problem evolution while validating the solvability and increased difficulty of the generated problems. Our experiments demonstrate that, given sufficient test-time exploration, code agents can synthesize new, solvable problems that are structurally distinct from and more challenging than the originals. This work provides empirical evidence that code-driven agents can serve as a viable mechanism for synthesizing high-difficulty mathematical reasoning problems within scalable computational environments. Code and data is available at https://github.com/TarferSoul/Code2Math.
title Code2Math: Can Your Code Agent Effectively Evolve Math Problems Through Exploration?
topic Computation and Language
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.03202