Comparison of Credential Management Systems Based on the Standards of IEEE, ETSI, and YD/T 3957-2021

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1. Verfasser: Chen, Abel C. H.
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Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Chen, Abel C. H.
author_facet Chen, Abel C. H.
contents As V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) technology becomes increasingly prevalent, the security of V2X networks has garnered growing attention worldwide. In North America, the IEEE 1609 series standards are primarily used, while Europe adopts the ETSI series standards, and China has also established its industry standard, YD/T 3957-2021, among others. Although these standards share some commonalities, they also exhibit differences. To achieve compatibility across these standards, analyzing their similarities and differences is a crucial issue. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing the three major standards mentioned above, discussing aspects such as certificate formats, signed message formats, and certificate request processes. Additionally, this research evaluates the efficiency of different cryptographic methods, including NIST P-256 and SM2-256, SHA-256 and SM3-256, as well as AES-128 and SM4-128. Finally, the study implements these three major standards on V2X devices and compares the efficiency of message signing and signature verification in V2X systems, providing a reference for the development of a secure certificate management system for V2X networks.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_03376
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Comparison of Credential Management Systems Based on the Standards of IEEE, ETSI, and YD/T 3957-2021
Chen, Abel C. H.
Cryptography and Security
Networking and Internet Architecture
Performance
As V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) technology becomes increasingly prevalent, the security of V2X networks has garnered growing attention worldwide. In North America, the IEEE 1609 series standards are primarily used, while Europe adopts the ETSI series standards, and China has also established its industry standard, YD/T 3957-2021, among others. Although these standards share some commonalities, they also exhibit differences. To achieve compatibility across these standards, analyzing their similarities and differences is a crucial issue. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing the three major standards mentioned above, discussing aspects such as certificate formats, signed message formats, and certificate request processes. Additionally, this research evaluates the efficiency of different cryptographic methods, including NIST P-256 and SM2-256, SHA-256 and SM3-256, as well as AES-128 and SM4-128. Finally, the study implements these three major standards on V2X devices and compares the efficiency of message signing and signature verification in V2X systems, providing a reference for the development of a secure certificate management system for V2X networks.
title Comparison of Credential Management Systems Based on the Standards of IEEE, ETSI, and YD/T 3957-2021
topic Cryptography and Security
Networking and Internet Architecture
Performance
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.03376