Real-time tightly coupled GNSS and IMU integration via Factor Graph Optimization

Fuente: arXiv
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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Cioaca, Radu-Andrei, Irofti, Paul, Rusu, Cristian, Caparra, Gianluca, Marinache, Andrei-Alexandru, Stoican, Florin
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Cioaca, Radu-Andrei
Irofti, Paul
Rusu, Cristian
Caparra, Gianluca
Marinache, Andrei-Alexandru
Stoican, Florin
author_facet Cioaca, Radu-Andrei
Irofti, Paul
Rusu, Cristian
Caparra, Gianluca
Marinache, Andrei-Alexandru
Stoican, Florin
contents Reliable positioning in dense urban environments remains challenging due to frequent GNSS signal blockage, multipath, and rapidly varying satellite geometry. While factor graph optimization (FGO)-based GNSS-IMU fusion has demonstrated strong robustness and accuracy, most formulations remain offline. In this work, we present a real-time tightly coupled GNSS-IMU FGO method that enables causal state estimation via incremental optimization with fixed-lag marginalization, and we evaluate its performance in a highly urbanized GNSS-degraded environment using the UrbanNav dataset.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_03556
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Real-time tightly coupled GNSS and IMU integration via Factor Graph Optimization
Cioaca, Radu-Andrei
Irofti, Paul
Rusu, Cristian
Caparra, Gianluca
Marinache, Andrei-Alexandru
Stoican, Florin
Robotics
Machine Learning
Systems and Control
Reliable positioning in dense urban environments remains challenging due to frequent GNSS signal blockage, multipath, and rapidly varying satellite geometry. While factor graph optimization (FGO)-based GNSS-IMU fusion has demonstrated strong robustness and accuracy, most formulations remain offline. In this work, we present a real-time tightly coupled GNSS-IMU FGO method that enables causal state estimation via incremental optimization with fixed-lag marginalization, and we evaluate its performance in a highly urbanized GNSS-degraded environment using the UrbanNav dataset.
title Real-time tightly coupled GNSS and IMU integration via Factor Graph Optimization
topic Robotics
Machine Learning
Systems and Control
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.03556