Force-Aware Residual DAgger via Trajectory Editing for Precision Insertion with Impedance Control

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Huang, Yiou, Ma, Ning, Zhao, Weichu, Liu, Zinuo, Sun, Jun, Wang, Qiufeng, Chen, Yaran
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Huang, Yiou
Ma, Ning
Zhao, Weichu
Liu, Zinuo
Sun, Jun
Wang, Qiufeng
Chen, Yaran
author_facet Huang, Yiou
Ma, Ning
Zhao, Weichu
Liu, Zinuo
Sun, Jun
Wang, Qiufeng
Chen, Yaran
contents Imitation learning (IL) has shown strong potential for contact-rich precision insertion tasks. However, its practical deployment is often hindered by covariate shift and the need for continuous expert monitoring to recover from failures during execution. In this paper, we propose Trajectory Editing Residual Dataset Aggregation (TER-DAgger), a scalable and force-aware human-in-the-loop imitation learning framework that mitigates covariate shift by learning residual policies through optimization-based trajectory editing. This approach smoothly fuses policy rollouts with human corrective trajectories, providing consistent and stable supervision. Second, we introduce a force-aware failure anticipation mechanism that triggers human intervention only when discrepancies arise between predicted and measured end-effector forces, significantly reducing the requirement for continuous expert monitoring. Third, all learned policies are executed within a Cartesian impedance control framework, ensuring compliant and safe behavior during contact-rich interactions. Extensive experiments in both simulation and real-world precision insertion tasks show that TER-DAgger improves the average success rate by over 37\% compared to behavior cloning, human-guided correction, retraining, and fine-tuning baselines, demonstrating its effectiveness in mitigating covariate shift and enabling scalable deployment in contact-rich manipulation.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_04038
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Force-Aware Residual DAgger via Trajectory Editing for Precision Insertion with Impedance Control
Huang, Yiou
Ma, Ning
Zhao, Weichu
Liu, Zinuo
Sun, Jun
Wang, Qiufeng
Chen, Yaran
Robotics
Imitation learning (IL) has shown strong potential for contact-rich precision insertion tasks. However, its practical deployment is often hindered by covariate shift and the need for continuous expert monitoring to recover from failures during execution. In this paper, we propose Trajectory Editing Residual Dataset Aggregation (TER-DAgger), a scalable and force-aware human-in-the-loop imitation learning framework that mitigates covariate shift by learning residual policies through optimization-based trajectory editing. This approach smoothly fuses policy rollouts with human corrective trajectories, providing consistent and stable supervision. Second, we introduce a force-aware failure anticipation mechanism that triggers human intervention only when discrepancies arise between predicted and measured end-effector forces, significantly reducing the requirement for continuous expert monitoring. Third, all learned policies are executed within a Cartesian impedance control framework, ensuring compliant and safe behavior during contact-rich interactions. Extensive experiments in both simulation and real-world precision insertion tasks show that TER-DAgger improves the average success rate by over 37\% compared to behavior cloning, human-guided correction, retraining, and fine-tuning baselines, demonstrating its effectiveness in mitigating covariate shift and enabling scalable deployment in contact-rich manipulation.
title Force-Aware Residual DAgger via Trajectory Editing for Precision Insertion with Impedance Control
topic Robotics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.04038