Wave-Optics Imprints of Dark Matter Subhalos on Strongly Lensed Gravitational Waves
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866915834280017920 |
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| author | Ando, Shin'ichiro |
| author_facet | Ando, Shin'ichiro |
| contents | Wave-optics effects in strongly lensed gravitational waves (GWs) provide a new interferometric probe of dark matter substructure. We compute the full diffraction integral for GWs propagating through statistically generated cold dark matter subhalo populations and quantify the resulting frequency-dependent amplification in the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) band. We show that realistic galaxy-scale lenses generically produce percent-level amplitude and phase distortions in strongly magnified images, primarily induced by subhalos in the mass range $10^4$-$10^7\,M_{\odot}$. These signatures arise naturally within the standard cold dark matter paradigm and should be detectable in high signal-to-noise LISA events. Strongly lensed GWs thus offer a direct and complementary window on dark matter structure at subgalactic mass scales inaccessible to electromagnetic measurements. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_04267 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Wave-Optics Imprints of Dark Matter Subhalos on Strongly Lensed Gravitational Waves Ando, Shin'ichiro Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology Wave-optics effects in strongly lensed gravitational waves (GWs) provide a new interferometric probe of dark matter substructure. We compute the full diffraction integral for GWs propagating through statistically generated cold dark matter subhalo populations and quantify the resulting frequency-dependent amplification in the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) band. We show that realistic galaxy-scale lenses generically produce percent-level amplitude and phase distortions in strongly magnified images, primarily induced by subhalos in the mass range $10^4$-$10^7\,M_{\odot}$. These signatures arise naturally within the standard cold dark matter paradigm and should be detectable in high signal-to-noise LISA events. Strongly lensed GWs thus offer a direct and complementary window on dark matter structure at subgalactic mass scales inaccessible to electromagnetic measurements. |
| title | Wave-Optics Imprints of Dark Matter Subhalos on Strongly Lensed Gravitational Waves |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.04267 |