SpotIt+: Verification-based Text-to-SQL Evaluation with Database Constraints

Fuente: arXiv
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Hauptverfasser: Tremante, Andrew, He, Yang, Klopfenstein, Rocky, Wang, Yuepeng, Narodytska, Nina, Wu, Haoze
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Tremante, Andrew
He, Yang
Klopfenstein, Rocky
Wang, Yuepeng
Narodytska, Nina
Wu, Haoze
author_facet Tremante, Andrew
He, Yang
Klopfenstein, Rocky
Wang, Yuepeng
Narodytska, Nina
Wu, Haoze
contents We present SpotIt+, an open-source tool for evaluating Text-to-SQL systems via bounded equivalence verification. Given a generated SQL query and the ground truth, SpotIt+ actively searches for database instances that differentiate the two queries. To ensure that the generated counterexamples reflect practically relevant discrepancies, we introduce a best-effort constraint-mining pipeline that combines rule-based specification mining with LLM-based validation over example databases. Experimental results on the BIRD dataset show that the mined constraints enable SpotIt+ to generate more realistic differentiating databases, while preserving its ability to efficiently uncover numerous discrepancies between generated and gold SQL queries that are missed by standard test-based evaluation.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_04334
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle SpotIt+: Verification-based Text-to-SQL Evaluation with Database Constraints
Tremante, Andrew
He, Yang
Klopfenstein, Rocky
Wang, Yuepeng
Narodytska, Nina
Wu, Haoze
Databases
Artificial Intelligence
Logic in Computer Science
Programming Languages
We present SpotIt+, an open-source tool for evaluating Text-to-SQL systems via bounded equivalence verification. Given a generated SQL query and the ground truth, SpotIt+ actively searches for database instances that differentiate the two queries. To ensure that the generated counterexamples reflect practically relevant discrepancies, we introduce a best-effort constraint-mining pipeline that combines rule-based specification mining with LLM-based validation over example databases. Experimental results on the BIRD dataset show that the mined constraints enable SpotIt+ to generate more realistic differentiating databases, while preserving its ability to efficiently uncover numerous discrepancies between generated and gold SQL queries that are missed by standard test-based evaluation.
title SpotIt+: Verification-based Text-to-SQL Evaluation with Database Constraints
topic Databases
Artificial Intelligence
Logic in Computer Science
Programming Languages
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.04334