Improved supernova bounds on CP-even scalars: cooling and decay constraints
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866912943139979264 |
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| author | Joseph, Melissa Liebersbach, Samuel Madathil, Anirudhan A. Marques-Tavares, Gustavo |
| author_facet | Joseph, Melissa Liebersbach, Samuel Madathil, Anirudhan A. Marques-Tavares, Gustavo |
| contents | Supernovae provide among the most powerful probes of weakly-coupled new particles in the MeV mass range, where laboratory experiments lose sensitivity. In this work, we derive improved supernova constraints on CP-even scalars mixing with the Higgs boson, combining an updated production rate calculation, which improves the cooling bound by more than an order of magnitude, with new decay-based constraints from the galactic 511~keV positron flux and energy deposition in low-energy Type~II-P supernovae. Together, these constraints probe mixing angles as small as $\sinθ\sim 10^{-9}$, more than five orders of magnitude below existing collider bounds. We also extend our analysis to a hadrophilic scalar model, constraining Yukawa couplings down to $y_N \sim 10^{-10}$. Our results demonstrate that the combination of astrophysical and collider probes covers over nine orders of magnitude in coupling for these classes of models, probing a large region of parameter space motivated by dark matter considerations. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_04513 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Improved supernova bounds on CP-even scalars: cooling and decay constraints Joseph, Melissa Liebersbach, Samuel Madathil, Anirudhan A. Marques-Tavares, Gustavo High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Supernovae provide among the most powerful probes of weakly-coupled new particles in the MeV mass range, where laboratory experiments lose sensitivity. In this work, we derive improved supernova constraints on CP-even scalars mixing with the Higgs boson, combining an updated production rate calculation, which improves the cooling bound by more than an order of magnitude, with new decay-based constraints from the galactic 511~keV positron flux and energy deposition in low-energy Type~II-P supernovae. Together, these constraints probe mixing angles as small as $\sinθ\sim 10^{-9}$, more than five orders of magnitude below existing collider bounds. We also extend our analysis to a hadrophilic scalar model, constraining Yukawa couplings down to $y_N \sim 10^{-10}$. Our results demonstrate that the combination of astrophysical and collider probes covers over nine orders of magnitude in coupling for these classes of models, probing a large region of parameter space motivated by dark matter considerations. |
| title | Improved supernova bounds on CP-even scalars: cooling and decay constraints |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.04513 |