Approximate master equations for the spatial public goods game

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Takiguchi, Yu, Nemoto, Koji
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2026
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author Takiguchi, Yu
Nemoto, Koji
author_facet Takiguchi, Yu
Nemoto, Koji
contents The spatial public goods game has been used to examine factors that promote cooperation. Owing to the complexity of the dynamics of this game, previous studies on this model neglected analytical approaches and relied entirely on numerical calculations using the Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. In this paper, we present the approximate master equations (AMEs) for this model. We report that the results obtained by the AMEs are mostly qualitatively consistent with those obtained by the MC simulations. Furthermore, we show that it is possible to obtain phase boundaries analytically in certain parameter regions. In the region where the noise in strategy decisions is very large, the phase boundary can be obtained analytically by considering perturbations from the steady state of the voter model. In the noiseless region, discontinuous phase transitions occur because of the characteristics of the function that represents strategy updating. Our approach is useful for clarifying the details of the mechanisms that promote cooperation and can be easily applied to other group interaction models.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_05001
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Approximate master equations for the spatial public goods game
Takiguchi, Yu
Nemoto, Koji
Physics and Society
The spatial public goods game has been used to examine factors that promote cooperation. Owing to the complexity of the dynamics of this game, previous studies on this model neglected analytical approaches and relied entirely on numerical calculations using the Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. In this paper, we present the approximate master equations (AMEs) for this model. We report that the results obtained by the AMEs are mostly qualitatively consistent with those obtained by the MC simulations. Furthermore, we show that it is possible to obtain phase boundaries analytically in certain parameter regions. In the region where the noise in strategy decisions is very large, the phase boundary can be obtained analytically by considering perturbations from the steady state of the voter model. In the noiseless region, discontinuous phase transitions occur because of the characteristics of the function that represents strategy updating. Our approach is useful for clarifying the details of the mechanisms that promote cooperation and can be easily applied to other group interaction models.
title Approximate master equations for the spatial public goods game
topic Physics and Society
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.05001