State-Selective Signatures of Quantum and Classical Gravitational Environments
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arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866912946365399040 |
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| author | Nandi, Partha Sahu, Sankarshan Majhi, Bibhas Ranjan Petruccione, Francesco |
| author_facet | Nandi, Partha Sahu, Sankarshan Majhi, Bibhas Ranjan Petruccione, Francesco |
| contents | A unified framework is developed for determining whether a gravitational-wave (GW) background behaves as a classical field or as a genuinely quantum environment. Unified here means that both descriptions originate from the same tidal coupling derived from geodesic deviation, which yields an identical quadratic interaction Hamiltonian for the detector; the only distinction lies in whether the GW degrees of freedom are modeled as classical phase-randomized coherent states or as quantized graviton modes. Within this common framework, the reduced dynamics of a quantum harmonic oscillator exhibit a sharp structural contrast: a quantized graviton bath preserves coherence within the lowest phonon-number manifold, forming a protected sector at leading order, whereas a classical stochastic GW field inevitably induces decoherence even inside this subspace. This difference provides an operational criterion for diagnosing the classical or quantum nature of gravitational waves using mesoscopic optomechanical systems. Our results establish decoherence structure - not merely its magnitude - as a sensitive probe of gravitational quantumness and delineate the experimental regimes under which such tests may become feasible. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_05731 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | State-Selective Signatures of Quantum and Classical Gravitational Environments Nandi, Partha Sahu, Sankarshan Majhi, Bibhas Ranjan Petruccione, Francesco General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology Statistical Mechanics High Energy Physics - Theory Quantum Physics A unified framework is developed for determining whether a gravitational-wave (GW) background behaves as a classical field or as a genuinely quantum environment. Unified here means that both descriptions originate from the same tidal coupling derived from geodesic deviation, which yields an identical quadratic interaction Hamiltonian for the detector; the only distinction lies in whether the GW degrees of freedom are modeled as classical phase-randomized coherent states or as quantized graviton modes. Within this common framework, the reduced dynamics of a quantum harmonic oscillator exhibit a sharp structural contrast: a quantized graviton bath preserves coherence within the lowest phonon-number manifold, forming a protected sector at leading order, whereas a classical stochastic GW field inevitably induces decoherence even inside this subspace. This difference provides an operational criterion for diagnosing the classical or quantum nature of gravitational waves using mesoscopic optomechanical systems. Our results establish decoherence structure - not merely its magnitude - as a sensitive probe of gravitational quantumness and delineate the experimental regimes under which such tests may become feasible. |
| title | State-Selective Signatures of Quantum and Classical Gravitational Environments |
| topic | General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology Statistical Mechanics High Energy Physics - Theory Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.05731 |