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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.05962 |
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| _version_ | 1866911492634312704 |
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| author | Chen, Wei Yu Dai, Ying |
| author_facet | Chen, Wei Yu Dai, Ying |
| contents | To address the limitations of existing open-vocabulary object recognition methods, specifically high system complexity, substantial training costs, and limited generalization, this paper proposes a novel Open-Vocabulary Object Recognition (OVOR) framework based on a streamlined two-stage strategy: object segmentation followed by recognition. The framework eliminates the need for complex retraining and labor-intensive annotation. After cropping object regions, we generate object-level image embeddings alongside category-level text embeddings using CLIP, which facilitates arbitrary vocabularies. To reduce reliance on CLIP and enhance encoding flexibility, we further introduce a CNN/MLP-based method that extracts convolutional neural network (CNN) feature maps and utilizes a multilayer perceptron (MLP) to align visual features with text embeddings. These embeddings are concatenated and processed via Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) to construct a shared representation space. Finally, recognition is performed through embedding similarity matching. Experiments on COCO, Pascal VOC, and ADE20K demonstrate that training-free, CLIP-based encoding without SVD achieves the highest average AP, outperforming current state-of-the-art methods. Simultaneously, the results highlight the potential of CNN/MLP-based image encoding for OVOR. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_05962 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Exploring Open-Vocabulary Object Recognition in Images using CLIP Chen, Wei Yu Dai, Ying Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition To address the limitations of existing open-vocabulary object recognition methods, specifically high system complexity, substantial training costs, and limited generalization, this paper proposes a novel Open-Vocabulary Object Recognition (OVOR) framework based on a streamlined two-stage strategy: object segmentation followed by recognition. The framework eliminates the need for complex retraining and labor-intensive annotation. After cropping object regions, we generate object-level image embeddings alongside category-level text embeddings using CLIP, which facilitates arbitrary vocabularies. To reduce reliance on CLIP and enhance encoding flexibility, we further introduce a CNN/MLP-based method that extracts convolutional neural network (CNN) feature maps and utilizes a multilayer perceptron (MLP) to align visual features with text embeddings. These embeddings are concatenated and processed via Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) to construct a shared representation space. Finally, recognition is performed through embedding similarity matching. Experiments on COCO, Pascal VOC, and ADE20K demonstrate that training-free, CLIP-based encoding without SVD achieves the highest average AP, outperforming current state-of-the-art methods. Simultaneously, the results highlight the potential of CNN/MLP-based image encoding for OVOR. |
| title | Exploring Open-Vocabulary Object Recognition in Images using CLIP |
| topic | Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.05962 |