Gaussian free field convergence of the six-vertex model with $-1\leqΔ\leq-\frac12$

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Main Authors: Duminil-Copin, Hugo, Kozlowski, Karol Kajetan, Lammers, Piet, Manolescu, Ioan
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Duminil-Copin, Hugo
Kozlowski, Karol Kajetan
Lammers, Piet
Manolescu, Ioan
author_facet Duminil-Copin, Hugo
Kozlowski, Karol Kajetan
Lammers, Piet
Manolescu, Ioan
contents We study the isotropic six-vertex model on $\mathbb{Z}^2$ with spectral parameter $Δ\in[-1,-1/2]$, that is, with weights $\mathbf{a}=\mathbf{b}=1$ and $\mathbf{c}\in[\sqrt{3},2]$. We show that the associated height function converges, in the scaling limit, to a properly scaled full-plane Gaussian free field. The result extends to anisotropic weights $\mathbf{a}\neq\mathbf{b}$ upon using a suitable embedding of the lattice.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_06268
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Gaussian free field convergence of the six-vertex model with $-1\leqΔ\leq-\frac12$
Duminil-Copin, Hugo
Kozlowski, Karol Kajetan
Lammers, Piet
Manolescu, Ioan
Mathematical Physics
Probability
Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems
We study the isotropic six-vertex model on $\mathbb{Z}^2$ with spectral parameter $Δ\in[-1,-1/2]$, that is, with weights $\mathbf{a}=\mathbf{b}=1$ and $\mathbf{c}\in[\sqrt{3},2]$. We show that the associated height function converges, in the scaling limit, to a properly scaled full-plane Gaussian free field. The result extends to anisotropic weights $\mathbf{a}\neq\mathbf{b}$ upon using a suitable embedding of the lattice.
title Gaussian free field convergence of the six-vertex model with $-1\leqΔ\leq-\frac12$
topic Mathematical Physics
Probability
Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.06268