Learning-Based Robust Control: Unifying Exploration and Distributional Robustness for Reliable Robotics via Free Energy

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Main Authors: Jesawada, Hozefa, Russo, Giovanni, Swikir, Abdalla, Abu-Dakka, Fares
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Jesawada, Hozefa
Russo, Giovanni
Swikir, Abdalla
Abu-Dakka, Fares
author_facet Jesawada, Hozefa
Russo, Giovanni
Swikir, Abdalla
Abu-Dakka, Fares
contents A key challenge towards reliable robotic control is devising computational models that can both learn policies and guarantee robustness when deployed in the field. Inspired by the free energy principle in computational neuroscience, to address these challenges, we propose a model for policy computation that jointly learns environment dynamics and rewards, while ensuring robustness to epistemic uncertainties. Expounding a distributionally robust free energy principle, we propose a modification to the maximum diffusion learning framework. After explicitly characterizing robustness of our policies to epistemic uncertainties in both environment and reward, we validate their effectiveness on continuous-control benchmarks, via both simulations and real-world experiments involving manipulation with a Franka Research~3 arm. Across simulation and zero-shot deployment, our approach narrows the sim-to-real gap, and enables repeatable tabletop manipulation without task-specific fine-tuning.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_06831
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Learning-Based Robust Control: Unifying Exploration and Distributional Robustness for Reliable Robotics via Free Energy
Jesawada, Hozefa
Russo, Giovanni
Swikir, Abdalla
Abu-Dakka, Fares
Robotics
Optimization and Control
A key challenge towards reliable robotic control is devising computational models that can both learn policies and guarantee robustness when deployed in the field. Inspired by the free energy principle in computational neuroscience, to address these challenges, we propose a model for policy computation that jointly learns environment dynamics and rewards, while ensuring robustness to epistemic uncertainties. Expounding a distributionally robust free energy principle, we propose a modification to the maximum diffusion learning framework. After explicitly characterizing robustness of our policies to epistemic uncertainties in both environment and reward, we validate their effectiveness on continuous-control benchmarks, via both simulations and real-world experiments involving manipulation with a Franka Research~3 arm. Across simulation and zero-shot deployment, our approach narrows the sim-to-real gap, and enables repeatable tabletop manipulation without task-specific fine-tuning.
title Learning-Based Robust Control: Unifying Exploration and Distributional Robustness for Reliable Robotics via Free Energy
topic Robotics
Optimization and Control
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.06831