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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.07189 |
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| _version_ | 1866915842391801856 |
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| author | Benincasa, Nico Li, Ji-Wei Pu, Hanxiao Mann, Robert B. Shokrollahic, Vahid Steele, T. G. Wang, Zhi-Wei |
| author_facet | Benincasa, Nico Li, Ji-Wei Pu, Hanxiao Mann, Robert B. Shokrollahic, Vahid Steele, T. G. Wang, Zhi-Wei |
| contents | In this work we investigate the CP-conserving two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM) in two realizations: a classically conformal setup (C2HDM) and a non-conformal setup with explicit tree-level quadratic mass terms (NC2HDM). Imposing current theoretical and experimental constraints, we scan the parameter space and analyse the electroweak first-order phase-transition dynamics from the finite-temperature effective potential, determining the relevant thermodynamic scales and the associated parameters $α$ and $β/H_*$. In the resulting $(α, β/H_*)$ phase diagrams, the NC2HDM spans a substantially broader region and hosts the strongest transitions, whereas the C2HDM is confined to a nested, weaker-transition subset. This challenges the common expectation that classical conformal symmetry generically implies deep supercooling. By relaxing the Higgs-mass identification and varying the scalon mass, we show that sizable supercooling is obtained only when the radiative (one-loop) breaking of scale invariance is sufficiently mild, i.e. for a light scalon. We then compute the resulting stochastic gravitational-wave spectra and show that only the NC2HDM yields benchmark points potentially observable by future space-based interferometers such as LISA, TianQin and Taiji (and, in favourable cases, by more sensitive missions such as DECIGO/BBO). |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_07189 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Conformal versus non-conformal two-Higgs-doublet model: phase transitions and gravitational waves Benincasa, Nico Li, Ji-Wei Pu, Hanxiao Mann, Robert B. Shokrollahic, Vahid Steele, T. G. Wang, Zhi-Wei High Energy Physics - Phenomenology In this work we investigate the CP-conserving two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM) in two realizations: a classically conformal setup (C2HDM) and a non-conformal setup with explicit tree-level quadratic mass terms (NC2HDM). Imposing current theoretical and experimental constraints, we scan the parameter space and analyse the electroweak first-order phase-transition dynamics from the finite-temperature effective potential, determining the relevant thermodynamic scales and the associated parameters $α$ and $β/H_*$. In the resulting $(α, β/H_*)$ phase diagrams, the NC2HDM spans a substantially broader region and hosts the strongest transitions, whereas the C2HDM is confined to a nested, weaker-transition subset. This challenges the common expectation that classical conformal symmetry generically implies deep supercooling. By relaxing the Higgs-mass identification and varying the scalon mass, we show that sizable supercooling is obtained only when the radiative (one-loop) breaking of scale invariance is sufficiently mild, i.e. for a light scalon. We then compute the resulting stochastic gravitational-wave spectra and show that only the NC2HDM yields benchmark points potentially observable by future space-based interferometers such as LISA, TianQin and Taiji (and, in favourable cases, by more sensitive missions such as DECIGO/BBO). |
| title | Conformal versus non-conformal two-Higgs-doublet model: phase transitions and gravitational waves |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.07189 |