All-in-plane image sensors free from readout integrated circuits
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2026
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| author | Kapralov, Kirill Mazurenko, Ilya Tarkaeva, Elizaveta Semkin, Valentin Kononenko, Oleg Knyazev, Maxim Matveev, Viktor Kashchenko, Mikhail Morozov, Alexander Domaratsky, Ivan Kaydashev, Vladimir Litun, Yana Kuntsevich, Aleksandr Bocharov, Alexey Svintsov, Dmitry |
| author_facet | Kapralov, Kirill Mazurenko, Ilya Tarkaeva, Elizaveta Semkin, Valentin Kononenko, Oleg Knyazev, Maxim Matveev, Viktor Kashchenko, Mikhail Morozov, Alexander Domaratsky, Ivan Kaydashev, Vladimir Litun, Yana Kuntsevich, Aleksandr Bocharov, Alexey Svintsov, Dmitry |
| contents | High resolution image sensors require electrical access to each individual pixel for signal readout. Such access is especially challenging for ultra-miniaturized pixels, for heterogeneously integrated sensing and readout layers in long-wavelength detectors, and for novel light-sensing materials with unestablished integration to silicon chips. Here, we introduce and experimentally validate a novel imaging approach that does not require electrical connections to individual pixels. The sensor matrix involves photoresistive pixels connected neighbor-to-neighbor and packed into a rectangular lattice. The signal readout is based on electrical impedance tomography applied to the photoresistance: the photovoltage is measured at the matrix boundary at various positions of injected bias current, and the image is reconstructed algorithmically. We present experimental validations for moderate-size infrared imagers based on multilayer graphene (24 pixels) and amorphous vanadium oxide (264 pixels). The reconstruction procedure is mathematically stable, sustainable to variations of pixel resistivity and photosensitivity, and its complexity is that of linear system solution. The proposed method enables unprecedented architecture simplification of imaging devices. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_08178 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | All-in-plane image sensors free from readout integrated circuits Kapralov, Kirill Mazurenko, Ilya Tarkaeva, Elizaveta Semkin, Valentin Kononenko, Oleg Knyazev, Maxim Matveev, Viktor Kashchenko, Mikhail Morozov, Alexander Domaratsky, Ivan Kaydashev, Vladimir Litun, Yana Kuntsevich, Aleksandr Bocharov, Alexey Svintsov, Dmitry Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics High resolution image sensors require electrical access to each individual pixel for signal readout. Such access is especially challenging for ultra-miniaturized pixels, for heterogeneously integrated sensing and readout layers in long-wavelength detectors, and for novel light-sensing materials with unestablished integration to silicon chips. Here, we introduce and experimentally validate a novel imaging approach that does not require electrical connections to individual pixels. The sensor matrix involves photoresistive pixels connected neighbor-to-neighbor and packed into a rectangular lattice. The signal readout is based on electrical impedance tomography applied to the photoresistance: the photovoltage is measured at the matrix boundary at various positions of injected bias current, and the image is reconstructed algorithmically. We present experimental validations for moderate-size infrared imagers based on multilayer graphene (24 pixels) and amorphous vanadium oxide (264 pixels). The reconstruction procedure is mathematically stable, sustainable to variations of pixel resistivity and photosensitivity, and its complexity is that of linear system solution. The proposed method enables unprecedented architecture simplification of imaging devices. |
| title | All-in-plane image sensors free from readout integrated circuits |
| topic | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.08178 |