Using Multimodal and Language-Agnostic Sentence Embeddings for Abstractive Summarization

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Main Authors: Chellaf, Chaimae, Mdhaffar, Salima, Estève, Yannick, Huet, Stéphane
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Chellaf, Chaimae
Mdhaffar, Salima
Estève, Yannick
Huet, Stéphane
author_facet Chellaf, Chaimae
Mdhaffar, Salima
Estève, Yannick
Huet, Stéphane
contents Abstractive summarization aims to generate concise summaries by creating new sentences, allowing for flexible rephrasing. However, this approach can be vulnerable to inaccuracies, particularly `hallucinations' where the model introduces non-existent information. In this paper, we leverage the use of multimodal and multilingual sentence embeddings derived from pretrained models such as LaBSE, SONAR, and BGE-M3, and feed them into a modified BART-based French model. A Named Entity Injection mechanism that appends tokenized named entities to the decoder input is introduced, in order to improve the factual consistency of the generated summary. Our novel framework, SBARThez, is applicable to both text and speech inputs and supports cross-lingual summarization; it shows competitive performance relative to token-level baselines, especially for low-resource languages, while generating more concise and abstract summaries.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_08282
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Using Multimodal and Language-Agnostic Sentence Embeddings for Abstractive Summarization
Chellaf, Chaimae
Mdhaffar, Salima
Estève, Yannick
Huet, Stéphane
Computation and Language
Abstractive summarization aims to generate concise summaries by creating new sentences, allowing for flexible rephrasing. However, this approach can be vulnerable to inaccuracies, particularly `hallucinations' where the model introduces non-existent information. In this paper, we leverage the use of multimodal and multilingual sentence embeddings derived from pretrained models such as LaBSE, SONAR, and BGE-M3, and feed them into a modified BART-based French model. A Named Entity Injection mechanism that appends tokenized named entities to the decoder input is introduced, in order to improve the factual consistency of the generated summary. Our novel framework, SBARThez, is applicable to both text and speech inputs and supports cross-lingual summarization; it shows competitive performance relative to token-level baselines, especially for low-resource languages, while generating more concise and abstract summaries.
title Using Multimodal and Language-Agnostic Sentence Embeddings for Abstractive Summarization
topic Computation and Language
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.08282