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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.08654 |
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| _version_ | 1866917325917126656 |
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| author | Cho, Young-ho Chehade, Mohamad Al-Janahi, Fatima Lim, Sol Mohammadi, Javad Zhu, Hao |
| author_facet | Cho, Young-ho Chehade, Mohamad Al-Janahi, Fatima Lim, Sol Mohammadi, Javad Zhu, Hao |
| contents | Tackling climate change requires the rapid and deep decarbonization of electric power systems. While energy management systems (EMSs) play a central role in this transition, conventional EMSs focus mainly on economic efficiency and often overlook the environmental impact of operational decisions. To address this gap, this paper proposes a unified, real-time building-level carbon-aware EMS (CAEMS) capable of simultaneously co-optimizing grid imports, energy storage, and flexible demand within a single integrated framework. We formulate a mixed-integer linear program (MILP) model that directly integrates time-varying marginal carbon intensity signals into the EMS objective for coordinated participation in both day-ahead (DA) and real-time (RT) markets. To relax the unrealistic assumption of perfect foresight, we incorporate a model predictive control (MPC) extension driven by a Transformer-based forecaster that jointly predicts electricity prices and carbon intensity. The proposed CAEMS is validated using real-world data from the PJM electricity market. Simulation results demonstrate that modest carbon prices can achieve a significant 22.5% reduction in emissions with only a 1.7% increase in cost. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_08654 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Carbon-aware Market Participation for Building Energy Management Systems Cho, Young-ho Chehade, Mohamad Al-Janahi, Fatima Lim, Sol Mohammadi, Javad Zhu, Hao Systems and Control Tackling climate change requires the rapid and deep decarbonization of electric power systems. While energy management systems (EMSs) play a central role in this transition, conventional EMSs focus mainly on economic efficiency and often overlook the environmental impact of operational decisions. To address this gap, this paper proposes a unified, real-time building-level carbon-aware EMS (CAEMS) capable of simultaneously co-optimizing grid imports, energy storage, and flexible demand within a single integrated framework. We formulate a mixed-integer linear program (MILP) model that directly integrates time-varying marginal carbon intensity signals into the EMS objective for coordinated participation in both day-ahead (DA) and real-time (RT) markets. To relax the unrealistic assumption of perfect foresight, we incorporate a model predictive control (MPC) extension driven by a Transformer-based forecaster that jointly predicts electricity prices and carbon intensity. The proposed CAEMS is validated using real-world data from the PJM electricity market. Simulation results demonstrate that modest carbon prices can achieve a significant 22.5% reduction in emissions with only a 1.7% increase in cost. |
| title | Carbon-aware Market Participation for Building Energy Management Systems |
| topic | Systems and Control |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.08654 |