Improving through Interaction: Searching Behavioral Representation Spaces with CMA-ES-IG

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Dennler, Nathaniel, Shi, Zhonghao, Tao, Yiran, Bobu, Andreea, Nikolaidis, Stefanos, Matarić, Maja
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2026
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author Dennler, Nathaniel
Shi, Zhonghao
Tao, Yiran
Bobu, Andreea
Nikolaidis, Stefanos
Matarić, Maja
author_facet Dennler, Nathaniel
Shi, Zhonghao
Tao, Yiran
Bobu, Andreea
Nikolaidis, Stefanos
Matarić, Maja
contents Robots that interact with humans must adapt to individual users' preferences to operate effectively in human-centered environments. An intuitive and effective technique to learn non-expert users' preferences is through rankings of robot behaviors, e.g., trajectories, gestures, or voices. Existing techniques primarily focus on generating queries that optimize preference learning outcomes, such as sample efficiency or final preference estimation accuracy. However, the focus on outcome overlooks key user expectations in the process of providing these rankings, which can negatively impact users' adoption of robotic systems. This work proposes the Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategies with Information Gain (CMA-ES-IG) algorithm. CMA-ES-IG explicitly incorporates user experience considerations into the preference learning process by suggesting perceptually distinct and informative trajectories for users to rank. We demonstrate these benefits through both simulated studies and real-robot experiments. CMA-ES-IG, compared to state-of-the-art alternatives, (1) scales more effectively to higher-dimensional preference spaces, (2) maintains computational tractability for high-dimensional problems, (3) is robust to noisy or inconsistent user feedback, and (4) is preferred by non-expert users in identifying their preferred robot behaviors. This project's code is available at github.com/interaction-lab/CMA-ES-IG
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_09011
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Improving through Interaction: Searching Behavioral Representation Spaces with CMA-ES-IG
Dennler, Nathaniel
Shi, Zhonghao
Tao, Yiran
Bobu, Andreea
Nikolaidis, Stefanos
Matarić, Maja
Robotics
Artificial Intelligence
Human-Computer Interaction
Robots that interact with humans must adapt to individual users' preferences to operate effectively in human-centered environments. An intuitive and effective technique to learn non-expert users' preferences is through rankings of robot behaviors, e.g., trajectories, gestures, or voices. Existing techniques primarily focus on generating queries that optimize preference learning outcomes, such as sample efficiency or final preference estimation accuracy. However, the focus on outcome overlooks key user expectations in the process of providing these rankings, which can negatively impact users' adoption of robotic systems. This work proposes the Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategies with Information Gain (CMA-ES-IG) algorithm. CMA-ES-IG explicitly incorporates user experience considerations into the preference learning process by suggesting perceptually distinct and informative trajectories for users to rank. We demonstrate these benefits through both simulated studies and real-robot experiments. CMA-ES-IG, compared to state-of-the-art alternatives, (1) scales more effectively to higher-dimensional preference spaces, (2) maintains computational tractability for high-dimensional problems, (3) is robust to noisy or inconsistent user feedback, and (4) is preferred by non-expert users in identifying their preferred robot behaviors. This project's code is available at github.com/interaction-lab/CMA-ES-IG
title Improving through Interaction: Searching Behavioral Representation Spaces with CMA-ES-IG
topic Robotics
Artificial Intelligence
Human-Computer Interaction
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.09011