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Main Authors: Dai, Xinchen, Jia, Sen, Nefediev, Alexey, Nieves, Juan, Shen, Chengping, Zhang, Liming
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.09315
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author Dai, Xinchen
Jia, Sen
Nefediev, Alexey
Nieves, Juan
Shen, Chengping
Zhang, Liming
author_facet Dai, Xinchen
Jia, Sen
Nefediev, Alexey
Nieves, Juan
Shen, Chengping
Zhang, Liming
contents Compared to charmonium-like states, exotic hadrons associated with $b$-quark offer distinct advantages for exploring the nature of multiquark phenomena and the dynamics of the strong interaction. Due to the heavier bottom quark mass, theoretical calculations, particularly those based on effective field theories and potential models, tend to be more reliable and under better control in the bottomonium sector. With its clean $e^+e^-$ collision environment and high luminosity, the Belle and Belle II experiments are ideally suited to explore these exotic hadrons associated with $b$-quark, including $Z_b$, $X_b$, and $Y_b$ states, and charmonium-like states in $B$ decays. Utilizing the large proton--proton collision dataset, the LHCb experiment has conducted extensive investigations of heavy-flavor multiquark states through $B$ and $Λ_b$ decay channels. The relevant phenomenological interpretations are also reviewed.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_09315
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Exotic hadrons associated with $b$-quark
Dai, Xinchen
Jia, Sen
Nefediev, Alexey
Nieves, Juan
Shen, Chengping
Zhang, Liming
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Compared to charmonium-like states, exotic hadrons associated with $b$-quark offer distinct advantages for exploring the nature of multiquark phenomena and the dynamics of the strong interaction. Due to the heavier bottom quark mass, theoretical calculations, particularly those based on effective field theories and potential models, tend to be more reliable and under better control in the bottomonium sector. With its clean $e^+e^-$ collision environment and high luminosity, the Belle and Belle II experiments are ideally suited to explore these exotic hadrons associated with $b$-quark, including $Z_b$, $X_b$, and $Y_b$ states, and charmonium-like states in $B$ decays. Utilizing the large proton--proton collision dataset, the LHCb experiment has conducted extensive investigations of heavy-flavor multiquark states through $B$ and $Λ_b$ decay channels. The relevant phenomenological interpretations are also reviewed.
title Exotic hadrons associated with $b$-quark
topic High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
High Energy Physics - Experiment
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.09315