Amplitude Dependent Bode Diagrams via Scaled Relative Graphs

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Krebbekx, Julius P. J., Tóth, Roland, Das, Amritam, Chaffey, Thomas
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Krebbekx, Julius P. J.
Tóth, Roland
Das, Amritam
Chaffey, Thomas
author_facet Krebbekx, Julius P. J.
Tóth, Roland
Das, Amritam
Chaffey, Thomas
contents Scaled Relative Graphs (SRGs) provide an intuitive graphical frequency-domain method for the analysis of Nonlinear (NL) systems, generalizing the Nyquist diagram. In this paper, we develop a method for computing $L_2$-gain bounds for Lur'e systems over bounded frequency and amplitude ranges. We do this by restricting the input space of the SRG both in frequency and energy content, and combining with methods from Sobolev theory. The resulting gain bounds over restricted sets of inputs are less conservative than bounds computed over all of $L_2$, and yield three-dimensional NL generalization of the Bode diagram, plotting $L_2$-gain as function of both input frequency and energy content. In the zero-energy limit, the Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Bode diagram is recovered, and at the infinite-energy zero-frequency limit, we recover the $L_2$-gain. The effectiveness of our method is demonstrated on an example that resembles Phase-Locked Loop dynamics.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_09382
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Amplitude Dependent Bode Diagrams via Scaled Relative Graphs
Krebbekx, Julius P. J.
Tóth, Roland
Das, Amritam
Chaffey, Thomas
Systems and Control
Dynamical Systems
Optimization and Control
93D25 (Primary), 93C10 (Secondary)
Scaled Relative Graphs (SRGs) provide an intuitive graphical frequency-domain method for the analysis of Nonlinear (NL) systems, generalizing the Nyquist diagram. In this paper, we develop a method for computing $L_2$-gain bounds for Lur'e systems over bounded frequency and amplitude ranges. We do this by restricting the input space of the SRG both in frequency and energy content, and combining with methods from Sobolev theory. The resulting gain bounds over restricted sets of inputs are less conservative than bounds computed over all of $L_2$, and yield three-dimensional NL generalization of the Bode diagram, plotting $L_2$-gain as function of both input frequency and energy content. In the zero-energy limit, the Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Bode diagram is recovered, and at the infinite-energy zero-frequency limit, we recover the $L_2$-gain. The effectiveness of our method is demonstrated on an example that resembles Phase-Locked Loop dynamics.
title Amplitude Dependent Bode Diagrams via Scaled Relative Graphs
topic Systems and Control
Dynamical Systems
Optimization and Control
93D25 (Primary), 93C10 (Secondary)
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.09382