Reviving ConvNeXt for Efficient Convolutional Diffusion Models

Fuente: arXiv
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Hauptverfasser: Kwon, Taesung, Bianchi, Lorenzo, Wittke, Lennart, Watine, Felix, Carrara, Fabio, Ye, Jong Chul, Weber, Romann, Azevedo, Vinicius
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Kwon, Taesung
Bianchi, Lorenzo
Wittke, Lennart
Watine, Felix
Carrara, Fabio
Ye, Jong Chul
Weber, Romann
Azevedo, Vinicius
author_facet Kwon, Taesung
Bianchi, Lorenzo
Wittke, Lennart
Watine, Felix
Carrara, Fabio
Ye, Jong Chul
Weber, Romann
Azevedo, Vinicius
contents Recent diffusion models increasingly favor Transformer backbones, motivated by the remarkable scalability of fully attentional architectures. Yet the locality bias, parameter efficiency, and hardware friendliness--the attributes that established ConvNets as the efficient vision backbone--have seen limited exploration in modern generative modeling. Here we introduce the fully convolutional diffusion model (FCDM), a model having a backbone similar to ConvNeXt, but designed for conditional diffusion modeling. We find that using only 50% of the FLOPs of DiT-XL/2, FCDM-XL achieves competitive performance with 7$\times$ and 7.5$\times$ fewer training steps at 256$\times$256 and 512$\times$512 resolutions, respectively. Remarkably, FCDM-XL can be trained on a 4-GPU system, highlighting the exceptional training efficiency of our architecture. Our results demonstrate that modern convolutional designs provide a competitive and highly efficient alternative for scaling diffusion models, reviving ConvNeXt as a simple yet powerful building block for efficient generative modeling.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_09408
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Reviving ConvNeXt for Efficient Convolutional Diffusion Models
Kwon, Taesung
Bianchi, Lorenzo
Wittke, Lennart
Watine, Felix
Carrara, Fabio
Ye, Jong Chul
Weber, Romann
Azevedo, Vinicius
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
Recent diffusion models increasingly favor Transformer backbones, motivated by the remarkable scalability of fully attentional architectures. Yet the locality bias, parameter efficiency, and hardware friendliness--the attributes that established ConvNets as the efficient vision backbone--have seen limited exploration in modern generative modeling. Here we introduce the fully convolutional diffusion model (FCDM), a model having a backbone similar to ConvNeXt, but designed for conditional diffusion modeling. We find that using only 50% of the FLOPs of DiT-XL/2, FCDM-XL achieves competitive performance with 7$\times$ and 7.5$\times$ fewer training steps at 256$\times$256 and 512$\times$512 resolutions, respectively. Remarkably, FCDM-XL can be trained on a 4-GPU system, highlighting the exceptional training efficiency of our architecture. Our results demonstrate that modern convolutional designs provide a competitive and highly efficient alternative for scaling diffusion models, reviving ConvNeXt as a simple yet powerful building block for efficient generative modeling.
title Reviving ConvNeXt for Efficient Convolutional Diffusion Models
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.09408