Kaluza-Klein mode mixing in braneworlds: constraints on scalar absorption and physical degrees of freedom
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Ma, Wen-Xuan Fu, Chun-E |
| author_facet | Ma, Wen-Xuan Fu, Chun-E |
| contents | We investigate the mixing between Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes for a bulk U(1) gauge field within braneworld models. By demanding orthonormality and completeness for the KK basis functions, we demonstrate that the decoupling of mixed sectors, specifically of the vector-scalar and scalar-scalar types, imposes stringent constraints on the warp factors of codimension-d (d>1) backgrounds. We show that the gauge invariance of the four-dimensional effective action is preserved despite such mixing, manifesting as an intrinsic property of the massive vector KK sector. However, the generic presence of vector-scalar mixing fundamentally alters the absorption mechanism of the scalar modes, dynamically shifting the physical masses of the vector KK modes away from their unperturbed eigenvalues. In (4+2)-dimensional models, the existence of two distinct scalar sectors significantly enriches the mixing dynamics. As the massive vectors absorb only specific linear combinations of these scalars, a residual set of massive scalar KK modes persists as physical degrees of freedom. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_09656 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Kaluza-Klein mode mixing in braneworlds: constraints on scalar absorption and physical degrees of freedom Ma, Wen-Xuan Fu, Chun-E High Energy Physics - Theory We investigate the mixing between Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes for a bulk U(1) gauge field within braneworld models. By demanding orthonormality and completeness for the KK basis functions, we demonstrate that the decoupling of mixed sectors, specifically of the vector-scalar and scalar-scalar types, imposes stringent constraints on the warp factors of codimension-d (d>1) backgrounds. We show that the gauge invariance of the four-dimensional effective action is preserved despite such mixing, manifesting as an intrinsic property of the massive vector KK sector. However, the generic presence of vector-scalar mixing fundamentally alters the absorption mechanism of the scalar modes, dynamically shifting the physical masses of the vector KK modes away from their unperturbed eigenvalues. In (4+2)-dimensional models, the existence of two distinct scalar sectors significantly enriches the mixing dynamics. As the massive vectors absorb only specific linear combinations of these scalars, a residual set of massive scalar KK modes persists as physical degrees of freedom. |
| title | Kaluza-Klein mode mixing in braneworlds: constraints on scalar absorption and physical degrees of freedom |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.09656 |