Trade-Offs in FMCW Radar-Based Respiration and Heart Rate Variability

Fuente: arXiv
Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser: Mura, Silvia, Scazzoli, Davide, Fineschi, Lorenzo, Magarini, Maurizio
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
_version_ 1866918381579403264
author Mura, Silvia
Scazzoli, Davide
Fineschi, Lorenzo
Magarini, Maurizio
author_facet Mura, Silvia
Scazzoli, Davide
Fineschi, Lorenzo
Magarini, Maurizio
contents This study presents a comprehensive experimental assessment of a low-cost frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar for non-contact vital sign monitoring, focusing on respiratory rate (RR) and heart rate (HR) estimation. The influence of sensing distance and number of transmitted chirps on measurement accuracy is systematically quantified. Results exhibit a U-shaped error profile with optimal performance near $70~cm$, achieving mean absolute errors of $0.8~bpm$ for RR and $3.2~bpm$ for HR. Accuracy deteriorates at short ($<60~cm$) and long ($>100~cm$) distances due to multipath, near-field, and signal-to-noise effects. Increasing chirp count enhances performance: RR errors converge asymptotically for $\geq96$ chirps, while HR requires at least 96 chirps for stable detection. Variability metrics, including heart and respiratory rate variability, remain less accurate ($>15$--$30\%$ error), indicating limited capability in capturing instantaneous fluctuations. These findings define a fundamental trade-off: the radar ensures robust estimation of average RR and HR but exhibits restricted precision in high-resolution beat-to-beat and breath-to-breath monitoring.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_09791
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Trade-Offs in FMCW Radar-Based Respiration and Heart Rate Variability
Mura, Silvia
Scazzoli, Davide
Fineschi, Lorenzo
Magarini, Maurizio
Emerging Technologies
Signal Processing
This study presents a comprehensive experimental assessment of a low-cost frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar for non-contact vital sign monitoring, focusing on respiratory rate (RR) and heart rate (HR) estimation. The influence of sensing distance and number of transmitted chirps on measurement accuracy is systematically quantified. Results exhibit a U-shaped error profile with optimal performance near $70~cm$, achieving mean absolute errors of $0.8~bpm$ for RR and $3.2~bpm$ for HR. Accuracy deteriorates at short ($<60~cm$) and long ($>100~cm$) distances due to multipath, near-field, and signal-to-noise effects. Increasing chirp count enhances performance: RR errors converge asymptotically for $\geq96$ chirps, while HR requires at least 96 chirps for stable detection. Variability metrics, including heart and respiratory rate variability, remain less accurate ($>15$--$30\%$ error), indicating limited capability in capturing instantaneous fluctuations. These findings define a fundamental trade-off: the radar ensures robust estimation of average RR and HR but exhibits restricted precision in high-resolution beat-to-beat and breath-to-breath monitoring.
title Trade-Offs in FMCW Radar-Based Respiration and Heart Rate Variability
topic Emerging Technologies
Signal Processing
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.09791