The Cosmological Simulation Code OpenGadget3 - Implementation of Self-Interacting Dark Matter

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Fischer, Moritz S., Wiertel, Marc, Arido, Cenanda, Patil, Yashraj, Ragagnin, Antonio, Dolag, Klaus, Brüggen, Marcus, Garny, Mathias, Robertson, Andrew, Schmidt-Hoberg, Kai
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2026
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author Fischer, Moritz S.
Wiertel, Marc
Arido, Cenanda
Patil, Yashraj
Ragagnin, Antonio
Dolag, Klaus
Brüggen, Marcus
Garny, Mathias
Robertson, Andrew
Schmidt-Hoberg, Kai
author_facet Fischer, Moritz S.
Wiertel, Marc
Arido, Cenanda
Patil, Yashraj
Ragagnin, Antonio
Dolag, Klaus
Brüggen, Marcus
Garny, Mathias
Robertson, Andrew
Schmidt-Hoberg, Kai
contents Dark matter (DM) could be subject to non-gravitational self-interactions which is relevant to resolve potential problems of cold DM on small scales. Their impact on astrophysical objects such as galaxies and galaxy clusters allows for constraining the strength of this scattering and eventually further properties of the cross-section. To model self-interacting dark matter (SIDM), N-body simulations are a crucial tool widely employed by the SIDM community. In this paper, we describe the SIDM implementation in the cosmological hydrodynamical N-body code OpenGadget3 and release it to the public. It is capable of simulating elastic scattering for various differential cross-sections, including strongly anisotropic cross-sections. Beyond single-species models, the code also allows simulating a two-species model with cross-species interactions. In addition to describing the numerical schemes for modelling various flavours of SIDM, we discuss the technical challenges of implementing them. Moreover, we demonstrate through several test problems that OpenGadget3 can accurately simulate DM self-interactions. Furthermore, we assess the performance of the code and provide scaling tests. Lastly, we highlight remaining challenges in the context of SIDM and describe directions for improving the current state of the art.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_10107
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The Cosmological Simulation Code OpenGadget3 - Implementation of Self-Interacting Dark Matter
Fischer, Moritz S.
Wiertel, Marc
Arido, Cenanda
Patil, Yashraj
Ragagnin, Antonio
Dolag, Klaus
Brüggen, Marcus
Garny, Mathias
Robertson, Andrew
Schmidt-Hoberg, Kai
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Computational Physics
Dark matter (DM) could be subject to non-gravitational self-interactions which is relevant to resolve potential problems of cold DM on small scales. Their impact on astrophysical objects such as galaxies and galaxy clusters allows for constraining the strength of this scattering and eventually further properties of the cross-section. To model self-interacting dark matter (SIDM), N-body simulations are a crucial tool widely employed by the SIDM community. In this paper, we describe the SIDM implementation in the cosmological hydrodynamical N-body code OpenGadget3 and release it to the public. It is capable of simulating elastic scattering for various differential cross-sections, including strongly anisotropic cross-sections. Beyond single-species models, the code also allows simulating a two-species model with cross-species interactions. In addition to describing the numerical schemes for modelling various flavours of SIDM, we discuss the technical challenges of implementing them. Moreover, we demonstrate through several test problems that OpenGadget3 can accurately simulate DM self-interactions. Furthermore, we assess the performance of the code and provide scaling tests. Lastly, we highlight remaining challenges in the context of SIDM and describe directions for improving the current state of the art.
title The Cosmological Simulation Code OpenGadget3 - Implementation of Self-Interacting Dark Matter
topic Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Computational Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.10107