Structural and Optical Characteristics of beta-Ga2O3 Implanted with Rare Earth Ions

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Hauptverfasser: Ratajczak, Renata, Matulewicz, Joanna, Prucnal, Slawomir, Liedke, Maciej O., Mieszczynski, Cyprian, Jozwik, Przemyslaw, Kentsch, Ulrich, Heller, Rene, Hirschmann, Eric, Wagner, Andreas, Wozniak, Wojciech, Garrido, Frederico, Guziewicz, Elzbieta
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Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Ratajczak, Renata
Matulewicz, Joanna
Prucnal, Slawomir
Liedke, Maciej O.
Mieszczynski, Cyprian
Jozwik, Przemyslaw
Kentsch, Ulrich
Heller, Rene
Hirschmann, Eric
Wagner, Andreas
Wozniak, Wojciech
Garrido, Frederico
Guziewicz, Elzbieta
author_facet Ratajczak, Renata
Matulewicz, Joanna
Prucnal, Slawomir
Liedke, Maciej O.
Mieszczynski, Cyprian
Jozwik, Przemyslaw
Kentsch, Ulrich
Heller, Rene
Hirschmann, Eric
Wagner, Andreas
Wozniak, Wojciech
Garrido, Frederico
Guziewicz, Elzbieta
contents We investigated the structural evolution and optical properties of beta-Ga2O3 crystals implanted with different rare-earth (RE) ions using channeling Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry, Positron Annihilation, Photoluminescence, and Photoluminescence Excitation spectroscopies. The studies reveal that implantation-induced disorder, accompanying phase transitions, and post-annealing structural recovery are largely insensitive to the implanted RE species. The defect microstructure is also found to be similar for all implanted RE ions. Thermal annealing does not completely remove radiation-induced defects but instead drives their rearrangement into larger defect complexes. Unimplanted (virgin) beta-Ga2O3 exhibits strong UV-visible emission attributed to oxygen vacancies, whereas the introduction of RE ions produces additional emission lines originating from electronic transitions within RE3+ ions. The results indicate that RE3+ ions are excited through the host conduction band, followed by non-radiative relaxation to the 4f excited states and radiative decay to the respective ground states. Fluence-dependent studies of Yb3+ reveal the onset of concentration quenching, while RE-related emission remains efficient even in the presence of substantial lattice disorder. These findings provide new insight into defect evolution in ion-implanted beta-Ga2O3 and clarify the excitation mechanisms of RE3+ ions, offering guidance for optimizing the optical performance of beta-Ga2O3:RE materials.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_10223
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Structural and Optical Characteristics of beta-Ga2O3 Implanted with Rare Earth Ions
Ratajczak, Renata
Matulewicz, Joanna
Prucnal, Slawomir
Liedke, Maciej O.
Mieszczynski, Cyprian
Jozwik, Przemyslaw
Kentsch, Ulrich
Heller, Rene
Hirschmann, Eric
Wagner, Andreas
Wozniak, Wojciech
Garrido, Frederico
Guziewicz, Elzbieta
Materials Science
We investigated the structural evolution and optical properties of beta-Ga2O3 crystals implanted with different rare-earth (RE) ions using channeling Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry, Positron Annihilation, Photoluminescence, and Photoluminescence Excitation spectroscopies. The studies reveal that implantation-induced disorder, accompanying phase transitions, and post-annealing structural recovery are largely insensitive to the implanted RE species. The defect microstructure is also found to be similar for all implanted RE ions. Thermal annealing does not completely remove radiation-induced defects but instead drives their rearrangement into larger defect complexes. Unimplanted (virgin) beta-Ga2O3 exhibits strong UV-visible emission attributed to oxygen vacancies, whereas the introduction of RE ions produces additional emission lines originating from electronic transitions within RE3+ ions. The results indicate that RE3+ ions are excited through the host conduction band, followed by non-radiative relaxation to the 4f excited states and radiative decay to the respective ground states. Fluence-dependent studies of Yb3+ reveal the onset of concentration quenching, while RE-related emission remains efficient even in the presence of substantial lattice disorder. These findings provide new insight into defect evolution in ion-implanted beta-Ga2O3 and clarify the excitation mechanisms of RE3+ ions, offering guidance for optimizing the optical performance of beta-Ga2O3:RE materials.
title Structural and Optical Characteristics of beta-Ga2O3 Implanted with Rare Earth Ions
topic Materials Science
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.10223