Layered Performance Analysis of TLS 1.3 Handshakes: Classical, Hybrid, and Pure Post-Quantum Key Exchange

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Gómez-Cambronero, David, Munteanu, Daniel, González-Tablas, Ana Isabel
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Gómez-Cambronero, David
Munteanu, Daniel
González-Tablas, Ana Isabel
author_facet Gómez-Cambronero, David
Munteanu, Daniel
González-Tablas, Ana Isabel
contents In this paper, we present a laboratory study focused on the impact of post-quantum cryptography (PQC) algorithms on multiple layers of stateful HTTP over TLS transactions: the TCP handshake, the intermediate TCP-TLS layer, the TLS handshake, the intermediate TLS layer, and the HTTP application layer. To this end, we propose a laboratory architecture that emulates a real-world setup in which a load test of up to 100 transactions per second is sent to a load balancer, which in turn forwards them to a backend server that returns the responses. Each set of tests is executed using the TLS 1.3 key exchange groups as follows: traditional (or non-PQC), hybrid PQC and pure PQC. Each set of tests also varied the backend response size. Across more than thirty experiments, we performed data reduction and statistical analysis for each layer, to determine the specific impact of each algorithm (PQC and traditional) at every stage of the HTTP-over-TLS transaction.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_11006
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Layered Performance Analysis of TLS 1.3 Handshakes: Classical, Hybrid, and Pure Post-Quantum Key Exchange
Gómez-Cambronero, David
Munteanu, Daniel
González-Tablas, Ana Isabel
Cryptography and Security
E.3
In this paper, we present a laboratory study focused on the impact of post-quantum cryptography (PQC) algorithms on multiple layers of stateful HTTP over TLS transactions: the TCP handshake, the intermediate TCP-TLS layer, the TLS handshake, the intermediate TLS layer, and the HTTP application layer. To this end, we propose a laboratory architecture that emulates a real-world setup in which a load test of up to 100 transactions per second is sent to a load balancer, which in turn forwards them to a backend server that returns the responses. Each set of tests is executed using the TLS 1.3 key exchange groups as follows: traditional (or non-PQC), hybrid PQC and pure PQC. Each set of tests also varied the backend response size. Across more than thirty experiments, we performed data reduction and statistical analysis for each layer, to determine the specific impact of each algorithm (PQC and traditional) at every stage of the HTTP-over-TLS transaction.
title Layered Performance Analysis of TLS 1.3 Handshakes: Classical, Hybrid, and Pure Post-Quantum Key Exchange
topic Cryptography and Security
E.3
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.11006