Three-dimensional Global Relativistic Radiation Magnetohydrodynamics of Magnetically Arrested Disk Accretion Flows in AGNs
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Aktar, Ramiz Pan, Kuo-Chuan Okuda, Toru |
| author_facet | Aktar, Ramiz Pan, Kuo-Chuan Okuda, Toru |
| contents | We perform three-dimensional radiation-relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (3D Rad-RMHD) simulations of accretion flows around spinning active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Our study focuses on the magnetically arrested disk (MAD) state, adopting a single-temperature model that includes bremsstrahlung opacity as the sole radiation process while varying the black hole spin from non-spinning to rapidly spinning cases. We find that the MAD state persists across all spin values, as demonstrated by the normalized magnetic flux at the horizon and the physically motivated spatially averaged plasma beta. The overall flow dynamics remain qualitatively similar for all spin models in 3D flow, suggesting that black hole spin has minimal influence on the accretion dynamics. In addition, we conduct post-processing using a two-temperature model to calculate the luminosities from synchrotron and bremsstrahlung radiation. We find that the total radiation luminosity is significantly higher than the luminosities from synchrotron and bremsstrahlung. This finding highlights the influence of radiation on the dynamics of the accretion flow. Our analysis shows that the electron temperature is significantly high in the jet region, regardless of spin. We further find that the temporal evolution of both radiative and synchrotron luminosities exhibits qualitatively similar behavior across all spin values. Finally, our results indicate that black hole spin has minimal impact on the spectral energy distribution (SED) in MAD state accretion flows. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_11452 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Three-dimensional Global Relativistic Radiation Magnetohydrodynamics of Magnetically Arrested Disk Accretion Flows in AGNs Aktar, Ramiz Pan, Kuo-Chuan Okuda, Toru High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena We perform three-dimensional radiation-relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (3D Rad-RMHD) simulations of accretion flows around spinning active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Our study focuses on the magnetically arrested disk (MAD) state, adopting a single-temperature model that includes bremsstrahlung opacity as the sole radiation process while varying the black hole spin from non-spinning to rapidly spinning cases. We find that the MAD state persists across all spin values, as demonstrated by the normalized magnetic flux at the horizon and the physically motivated spatially averaged plasma beta. The overall flow dynamics remain qualitatively similar for all spin models in 3D flow, suggesting that black hole spin has minimal influence on the accretion dynamics. In addition, we conduct post-processing using a two-temperature model to calculate the luminosities from synchrotron and bremsstrahlung radiation. We find that the total radiation luminosity is significantly higher than the luminosities from synchrotron and bremsstrahlung. This finding highlights the influence of radiation on the dynamics of the accretion flow. Our analysis shows that the electron temperature is significantly high in the jet region, regardless of spin. We further find that the temporal evolution of both radiative and synchrotron luminosities exhibits qualitatively similar behavior across all spin values. Finally, our results indicate that black hole spin has minimal impact on the spectral energy distribution (SED) in MAD state accretion flows. |
| title | Three-dimensional Global Relativistic Radiation Magnetohydrodynamics of Magnetically Arrested Disk Accretion Flows in AGNs |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.11452 |