Variance Estimation with Dependence and Heterogeneous Means

Fuente: arXiv
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Autore principale: Yap, Luther
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Yap, Luther
author_facet Yap, Luther
contents This paper considers the problem of estimating the variance of a sum of a triangular array of random vectors with heterogeneous means. When random vectors exhibit two-way cluster dependence or weak dependence, standard variance estimators designed under homogeneous means can underestimate the true variance, which results in subsequent tests being oversized. To restore validity, this paper proposes a simple conservative variance estimator robust to heterogeneous means and shows its asymptotic validity.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_11497
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Variance Estimation with Dependence and Heterogeneous Means
Yap, Luther
Econometrics
Methodology
This paper considers the problem of estimating the variance of a sum of a triangular array of random vectors with heterogeneous means. When random vectors exhibit two-way cluster dependence or weak dependence, standard variance estimators designed under homogeneous means can underestimate the true variance, which results in subsequent tests being oversized. To restore validity, this paper proposes a simple conservative variance estimator robust to heterogeneous means and shows its asymptotic validity.
title Variance Estimation with Dependence and Heterogeneous Means
topic Econometrics
Methodology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.11497