Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bai, Yushi, Dong, Qian, Jiang, Ting, Lv, Xin, Du, Zhengxiao, Zeng, Aohan, Tang, Jie, Li, Juanzi
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.12201
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866908882127814656
author Bai, Yushi
Dong, Qian
Jiang, Ting
Lv, Xin
Du, Zhengxiao
Zeng, Aohan
Tang, Jie
Li, Juanzi
author_facet Bai, Yushi
Dong, Qian
Jiang, Ting
Lv, Xin
Du, Zhengxiao
Zeng, Aohan
Tang, Jie
Li, Juanzi
contents Long-context agentic workflows have emerged as a defining use case for large language models, making attention efficiency critical for both inference speed and serving cost. Sparse attention addresses this challenge effectively, and DeepSeek Sparse Attention (DSA) is a representative production-grade solution: a lightweight lightning indexer selects the top-k most relevant tokens per query, reducing core attention from $O(L^2)$ to $O(Lk)$. However, the indexer itself retains $O(L^2)$ complexity and must run independently at every layer, despite the fact that the resulting top-k selections are highly similar across consecutive layers. We present IndexCache, which exploits this cross-layer redundancy by partitioning layers into a small set of Full layers that run their own indexers and a majority of Shared layers that simply reuse the nearest Full layer's top-k indices. We propose two complementary approaches to determine and optimize this configuration. Training-free IndexCache applies a greedy search algorithm that selects which layers to retain indexers by directly minimizing language modeling loss on a calibration set, requiring no weight updates. Training-aware IndexCache introduces a multi-layer distillation loss that trains each retained indexer against the averaged attention distributions of all layers it serves, enabling even simple interleaved patterns to match full-indexer accuracy. Experimental results on a 30B DSA model show that IndexCache can remove 75% of indexer computations with negligible quality degradation, achieving up to 1.82$\times$ prefill speedup and 1.48$\times$ decode speedup compared to standard DSA. These positive results are further confirmed by our preliminary experiments on the production-scale GLM-5 model (Figure 1).
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_12201
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle IndexCache: Accelerating Sparse Attention via Cross-Layer Index Reuse
Bai, Yushi
Dong, Qian
Jiang, Ting
Lv, Xin
Du, Zhengxiao
Zeng, Aohan
Tang, Jie
Li, Juanzi
Computation and Language
Machine Learning
Long-context agentic workflows have emerged as a defining use case for large language models, making attention efficiency critical for both inference speed and serving cost. Sparse attention addresses this challenge effectively, and DeepSeek Sparse Attention (DSA) is a representative production-grade solution: a lightweight lightning indexer selects the top-k most relevant tokens per query, reducing core attention from $O(L^2)$ to $O(Lk)$. However, the indexer itself retains $O(L^2)$ complexity and must run independently at every layer, despite the fact that the resulting top-k selections are highly similar across consecutive layers. We present IndexCache, which exploits this cross-layer redundancy by partitioning layers into a small set of Full layers that run their own indexers and a majority of Shared layers that simply reuse the nearest Full layer's top-k indices. We propose two complementary approaches to determine and optimize this configuration. Training-free IndexCache applies a greedy search algorithm that selects which layers to retain indexers by directly minimizing language modeling loss on a calibration set, requiring no weight updates. Training-aware IndexCache introduces a multi-layer distillation loss that trains each retained indexer against the averaged attention distributions of all layers it serves, enabling even simple interleaved patterns to match full-indexer accuracy. Experimental results on a 30B DSA model show that IndexCache can remove 75% of indexer computations with negligible quality degradation, achieving up to 1.82$\times$ prefill speedup and 1.48$\times$ decode speedup compared to standard DSA. These positive results are further confirmed by our preliminary experiments on the production-scale GLM-5 model (Figure 1).
title IndexCache: Accelerating Sparse Attention via Cross-Layer Index Reuse
topic Computation and Language
Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.12201