Multivariate lattice deformation: A spatially explicit framework for assessing crop rotation impacts on soil nutrient dynamics

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Author: Mandap, Marco
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Mandap, Marco
author_facet Mandap, Marco
contents Crop rotation impacts on soil nutrients are typically assessed using field-averaged or single-nutrient analyses that ignore spatial heterogeneity and multivariate interactions. We propose a multivariate lattice model treating soil as a 4D tensor (space, time, and N, P, K channels). Crop rotations are represented as force vectors, with soil buffering capacity ("stiffness") varying spatially with texture. Lateral nutrient movement is introduced via kernel smoothing. Cumulative impact is quantified by Euclidean distance in N-P-K space, with significance assessed via Cramer-von Mises permutation tests. Simulating a three-year corn-soybean-wheat rotation on a 20 x 20 heterogeneous grid shows mean stress of 0.63 after one cycle, with maximum 0.91 in sandy areas. Phosphorus depletion (17.9%) exceeds nitrogen (10.8%), dominating stress in 19% of cells - obscured by single-nutrient analyses. Continuous corn increases mean stress by 41%. Cramer-von Mises tests detect significant deviation (p <= 0.002), and Moran's I (0.29-0.30) confirms spatial autocorrelation. Our framework identifies risk zones and guides site-specific management, bridging geostatistics with mechanistic crop models.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_12881
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Multivariate lattice deformation: A spatially explicit framework for assessing crop rotation impacts on soil nutrient dynamics
Mandap, Marco
Applications
Methodology
Crop rotation impacts on soil nutrients are typically assessed using field-averaged or single-nutrient analyses that ignore spatial heterogeneity and multivariate interactions. We propose a multivariate lattice model treating soil as a 4D tensor (space, time, and N, P, K channels). Crop rotations are represented as force vectors, with soil buffering capacity ("stiffness") varying spatially with texture. Lateral nutrient movement is introduced via kernel smoothing. Cumulative impact is quantified by Euclidean distance in N-P-K space, with significance assessed via Cramer-von Mises permutation tests. Simulating a three-year corn-soybean-wheat rotation on a 20 x 20 heterogeneous grid shows mean stress of 0.63 after one cycle, with maximum 0.91 in sandy areas. Phosphorus depletion (17.9%) exceeds nitrogen (10.8%), dominating stress in 19% of cells - obscured by single-nutrient analyses. Continuous corn increases mean stress by 41%. Cramer-von Mises tests detect significant deviation (p <= 0.002), and Moran's I (0.29-0.30) confirms spatial autocorrelation. Our framework identifies risk zones and guides site-specific management, bridging geostatistics with mechanistic crop models.
title Multivariate lattice deformation: A spatially explicit framework for assessing crop rotation impacts on soil nutrient dynamics
topic Applications
Methodology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.12881