Two-channel physics in a lightly doped antiferromagnetic Mott insulator revealed by two-hole spectroscopy
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866908884668514304 |
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| author | Bermes, Pit Paeckel, Sebastian Bohrdt, Annabelle Homeier, Lukas Grusdt, Fabian |
| author_facet | Bermes, Pit Paeckel, Sebastian Bohrdt, Annabelle Homeier, Lukas Grusdt, Fabian |
| contents | Understanding pairing in the strong-coupling regime of doped Mott insulators remains an open problem in the context of cuprate superconductors. We perform ultra-high resolution numerical simulations of spectral functions in the highly underdoped $t-J$ model and discover two coupled branches of hole pairs emerging at low energies in the largely unexplored two-particle spectrum. As spin anisotropy is tuned from the Ising limit to the $SU(2)$-symmetric Heisenberg regime, the lowest $d$-wave pair evolves from a single bipolaronic branch into two hybridized branches separated by an avoided crossing. We explain this behaviour using an effective two-channel model involving a tightly bound bipolaronic state and a second channel associated with two magnetic polarons. The model reproduces the qualitative low-energy spectra and implies near-resonant $d$-wave interactions in the $SU(2)$-symmetric $t-J$ model, consistent with proximity to an emergent Feshbach-type resonance. To probe these predictions experimentally, we propose a Raman spectroscopy scheme for the attractive Hubbard model that can be directly implemented using ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Our work establishes two-particle spectroscopy, beyond single-particle Green's functions, as a powerful tool for revealing the microscopic origins of unconventional superconductivity. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_13222 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Two-channel physics in a lightly doped antiferromagnetic Mott insulator revealed by two-hole spectroscopy Bermes, Pit Paeckel, Sebastian Bohrdt, Annabelle Homeier, Lukas Grusdt, Fabian Strongly Correlated Electrons Quantum Gases Quantum Physics Understanding pairing in the strong-coupling regime of doped Mott insulators remains an open problem in the context of cuprate superconductors. We perform ultra-high resolution numerical simulations of spectral functions in the highly underdoped $t-J$ model and discover two coupled branches of hole pairs emerging at low energies in the largely unexplored two-particle spectrum. As spin anisotropy is tuned from the Ising limit to the $SU(2)$-symmetric Heisenberg regime, the lowest $d$-wave pair evolves from a single bipolaronic branch into two hybridized branches separated by an avoided crossing. We explain this behaviour using an effective two-channel model involving a tightly bound bipolaronic state and a second channel associated with two magnetic polarons. The model reproduces the qualitative low-energy spectra and implies near-resonant $d$-wave interactions in the $SU(2)$-symmetric $t-J$ model, consistent with proximity to an emergent Feshbach-type resonance. To probe these predictions experimentally, we propose a Raman spectroscopy scheme for the attractive Hubbard model that can be directly implemented using ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Our work establishes two-particle spectroscopy, beyond single-particle Green's functions, as a powerful tool for revealing the microscopic origins of unconventional superconductivity. |
| title | Two-channel physics in a lightly doped antiferromagnetic Mott insulator revealed by two-hole spectroscopy |
| topic | Strongly Correlated Electrons Quantum Gases Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.13222 |