Automorphisms of Stokes multipliers in higher-order WKBJ theory

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shelton, Josh, Crew, Samuel, Lustri, Christopher J.
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866910052500111360
author Shelton, Josh
Crew, Samuel
Lustri, Christopher J.
author_facet Shelton, Josh
Crew, Samuel
Lustri, Christopher J.
contents We consider the Stokes phenomenon and higher-order Stokes phenomenon (HOSP) of formal asymptotic transseries arising in the WKBJ analysis of linear differential equations and integral problems. We introduce a framework of automorphisms that act on the Stokes constants of the divergent expansion, explained via late-late-term expansions and parametric Alien calculus, to capture this phenomenon. Our method is applied to a paradigmatic example: we obtain the full Stokes line structure and automorphisms for the Swallowtail problem from catastrophe theory, which contains four WKBJ components. We demonstrate that, in a system with four or more WKBJ components, the automorphism associated with the HOSP can itself change value across another higher-order Stokes line, which occurs when different higher-order Stokes lines intersect. We then argue that no additional special behaviour emerges for transseries with five or more WKBJ components.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_13332
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Automorphisms of Stokes multipliers in higher-order WKBJ theory
Shelton, Josh
Crew, Samuel
Lustri, Christopher J.
Classical Analysis and ODEs
Mathematical Physics
We consider the Stokes phenomenon and higher-order Stokes phenomenon (HOSP) of formal asymptotic transseries arising in the WKBJ analysis of linear differential equations and integral problems. We introduce a framework of automorphisms that act on the Stokes constants of the divergent expansion, explained via late-late-term expansions and parametric Alien calculus, to capture this phenomenon. Our method is applied to a paradigmatic example: we obtain the full Stokes line structure and automorphisms for the Swallowtail problem from catastrophe theory, which contains four WKBJ components. We demonstrate that, in a system with four or more WKBJ components, the automorphism associated with the HOSP can itself change value across another higher-order Stokes line, which occurs when different higher-order Stokes lines intersect. We then argue that no additional special behaviour emerges for transseries with five or more WKBJ components.
title Automorphisms of Stokes multipliers in higher-order WKBJ theory
topic Classical Analysis and ODEs
Mathematical Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.13332