Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dong, Victor Ye, Lee, Kuan-Yun, Shuai, Jiamei, Liu, Shengfei, Liu, Yi, Jiao, Jian
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.13790
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866918388029194240
author Dong, Victor Ye
Lee, Kuan-Yun
Shuai, Jiamei
Liu, Shengfei
Liu, Yi
Jiao, Jian
author_facet Dong, Victor Ye
Lee, Kuan-Yun
Shuai, Jiamei
Liu, Shengfei
Liu, Yi
Jiao, Jian
contents We present \emph{Greedy Information Projection} (\textsc{GIP}), a principled framework for choosing training examples for large language model fine-tuning. \textsc{GIP} casts selection as maximizing mutual information between a subset of examples and task-specific query signals, which may originate from LLM quality judgments, metadata, or other sources. The framework involves optimizing a closed-form mutual information objective defined using both data and query embeddings, naturally balancing {\it quality} and {\it diversity}. Optimizing this score is equivalent to maximizing the projection of the query embedding matrix onto the span of the selected data, which provides a geometric explanation for the co-emergence of quality and diversity. Building on this view, we employ a fast greedy matching-pursuit procedure with efficient projection-based updates. On instruction-following and mathematical reasoning datasets, \textsc{GIP} selects small subsets that match full-data fine-tuning while using only a fraction of examples and compute, unifying quality-aware and diversity-aware selection for efficient fine-tuning.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_13790
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Greedy Information Projection for LLM Data Selection
Dong, Victor Ye
Lee, Kuan-Yun
Shuai, Jiamei
Liu, Shengfei
Liu, Yi
Jiao, Jian
Machine Learning
Computation and Language
We present \emph{Greedy Information Projection} (\textsc{GIP}), a principled framework for choosing training examples for large language model fine-tuning. \textsc{GIP} casts selection as maximizing mutual information between a subset of examples and task-specific query signals, which may originate from LLM quality judgments, metadata, or other sources. The framework involves optimizing a closed-form mutual information objective defined using both data and query embeddings, naturally balancing {\it quality} and {\it diversity}. Optimizing this score is equivalent to maximizing the projection of the query embedding matrix onto the span of the selected data, which provides a geometric explanation for the co-emergence of quality and diversity. Building on this view, we employ a fast greedy matching-pursuit procedure with efficient projection-based updates. On instruction-following and mathematical reasoning datasets, \textsc{GIP} selects small subsets that match full-data fine-tuning while using only a fraction of examples and compute, unifying quality-aware and diversity-aware selection for efficient fine-tuning.
title Greedy Information Projection for LLM Data Selection
topic Machine Learning
Computation and Language
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.13790