Linear dichroic soft X-ray microscopy of ferroelectric stripe domains in epitaxial K$_\mathbf{0.6}$Na$_\mathbf{0.4}$NbO$_\mathbf{3}$

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Hauptverfasser: Schneider, M., Butcher, T. A., Wagner, S., Metternich, D., Klose, C., Malm, E., Battistelli, R., Deinhart, V., Fuchs, J., Wittrock, S., Karaman, T., Joy, K. Puzhekadavil, Patras, M., Büttner, F., Wintz, S., Weigand, M., Günther, C. M., Engel, D., Gaal, P., Schwarzkopf, J., Pfau, B., Eisebitt, S.
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Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Schneider, M.
Butcher, T. A.
Wagner, S.
Metternich, D.
Klose, C.
Malm, E.
Battistelli, R.
Deinhart, V.
Fuchs, J.
Wittrock, S.
Karaman, T.
Joy, K. Puzhekadavil
Patras, M.
Büttner, F.
Wintz, S.
Weigand, M.
Günther, C. M.
Engel, D.
Gaal, P.
Schwarzkopf, J.
Pfau, B.
Eisebitt, S.
author_facet Schneider, M.
Butcher, T. A.
Wagner, S.
Metternich, D.
Klose, C.
Malm, E.
Battistelli, R.
Deinhart, V.
Fuchs, J.
Wittrock, S.
Karaman, T.
Joy, K. Puzhekadavil
Patras, M.
Büttner, F.
Wintz, S.
Weigand, M.
Günther, C. M.
Engel, D.
Gaal, P.
Schwarzkopf, J.
Pfau, B.
Eisebitt, S.
contents Functional properties of ferroelectric thin films are governed by domains that can be engineered by epitaxial strain. Soft X-ray microscopy can image domain structures with elemental and electronic sensitivity, but hitherto its application to strain-stabilized domains has been hindered by the absorption of soft X-rays in epitaxial substrates. Here, it is demonstrated how this limitation can be overcome by locally back-thinning the (110) TbScO$_3$ substrate of epitaxial K$_{0.6}$Na$_{0.4}$NbO$_3$ ferroelectric thin films to achieve soft X-ray transparency at the O K-edge around 530 eV. Strain-induced ferroelectric stripe domains with periods down to 44 nm were resolved by scanning transmission X-ray microscopy and coherent diffractive imaging by exploiting the X-ray linear dichroism of hybridized O 2p-Nb 4d states, providing sensitivity to in-plane polarization components under normal incidence. The results establish soft X-ray microscopy for nanoscale imaging of epitaxial ferroelectric domains structures and open perspectives for time-resolved studies thereof.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_14079
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Linear dichroic soft X-ray microscopy of ferroelectric stripe domains in epitaxial K$_\mathbf{0.6}$Na$_\mathbf{0.4}$NbO$_\mathbf{3}$
Schneider, M.
Butcher, T. A.
Wagner, S.
Metternich, D.
Klose, C.
Malm, E.
Battistelli, R.
Deinhart, V.
Fuchs, J.
Wittrock, S.
Karaman, T.
Joy, K. Puzhekadavil
Patras, M.
Büttner, F.
Wintz, S.
Weigand, M.
Günther, C. M.
Engel, D.
Gaal, P.
Schwarzkopf, J.
Pfau, B.
Eisebitt, S.
Materials Science
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Functional properties of ferroelectric thin films are governed by domains that can be engineered by epitaxial strain. Soft X-ray microscopy can image domain structures with elemental and electronic sensitivity, but hitherto its application to strain-stabilized domains has been hindered by the absorption of soft X-rays in epitaxial substrates. Here, it is demonstrated how this limitation can be overcome by locally back-thinning the (110) TbScO$_3$ substrate of epitaxial K$_{0.6}$Na$_{0.4}$NbO$_3$ ferroelectric thin films to achieve soft X-ray transparency at the O K-edge around 530 eV. Strain-induced ferroelectric stripe domains with periods down to 44 nm were resolved by scanning transmission X-ray microscopy and coherent diffractive imaging by exploiting the X-ray linear dichroism of hybridized O 2p-Nb 4d states, providing sensitivity to in-plane polarization components under normal incidence. The results establish soft X-ray microscopy for nanoscale imaging of epitaxial ferroelectric domains structures and open perspectives for time-resolved studies thereof.
title Linear dichroic soft X-ray microscopy of ferroelectric stripe domains in epitaxial K$_\mathbf{0.6}$Na$_\mathbf{0.4}$NbO$_\mathbf{3}$
topic Materials Science
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.14079