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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.14311 |
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| _version_ | 1866910053695488000 |
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| author | Wang, Jun Yang, Shu Wang, Zeqing Qi, Ran Hu, Haiping Li, Weidong Jie, Jianwen |
| author_facet | Wang, Jun Yang, Shu Wang, Zeqing Qi, Ran Hu, Haiping Li, Weidong Jie, Jianwen |
| contents | Quantum synchronization (QS) in dissipative systems is often inferred from smooth phase locking, leaving open whether its breakdown constitutes a genuine nonequilibrium transition. Here we introduce a Liouvillian framework that classifies driven-dissipative dynamics by the structure of the undriven dissipative background and show that QS breaks down via a Hopf-type dynamical phase transition into a boundary time crystal (BTC). The character of this transition is determined by the background attractor: systems with a self-sustained oscillator (SSO) support robust non-resonant BTCs, whereas those with a polar fixed point (PFP) sustain BTCs only at resonance and lose them under detuning. We identify sharp dynamical and spectral signatures of the QS-BTC transition and thereby establish, within U(1)-symmetric collective-spin Lindbladians driven by a single coherent tone, a background-based allowed/forbidden criterion that unifies QS, its breakdown, and time-crystalline order within a single Liouvillian framework. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_14311 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Non-Resonant Boundary Time Crystals from Quantum Synchronization Breakdown Wang, Jun Yang, Shu Wang, Zeqing Qi, Ran Hu, Haiping Li, Weidong Jie, Jianwen Quantum Physics Quantum synchronization (QS) in dissipative systems is often inferred from smooth phase locking, leaving open whether its breakdown constitutes a genuine nonequilibrium transition. Here we introduce a Liouvillian framework that classifies driven-dissipative dynamics by the structure of the undriven dissipative background and show that QS breaks down via a Hopf-type dynamical phase transition into a boundary time crystal (BTC). The character of this transition is determined by the background attractor: systems with a self-sustained oscillator (SSO) support robust non-resonant BTCs, whereas those with a polar fixed point (PFP) sustain BTCs only at resonance and lose them under detuning. We identify sharp dynamical and spectral signatures of the QS-BTC transition and thereby establish, within U(1)-symmetric collective-spin Lindbladians driven by a single coherent tone, a background-based allowed/forbidden criterion that unifies QS, its breakdown, and time-crystalline order within a single Liouvillian framework. |
| title | Non-Resonant Boundary Time Crystals from Quantum Synchronization Breakdown |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.14311 |