Computing logical error thresholds with the Pauli Frame Sparse Representation

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Hauptverfasser: Tuloup, Thomas, Ayral, Thomas
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Tuloup, Thomas
Ayral, Thomas
author_facet Tuloup, Thomas
Ayral, Thomas
contents We introduce a sparse classical representation, a truncation strategy and a shot-efficient sampling method to push the classical prediction of quantum error correction thresholds beyond Clifford operations and Pauli errors. As two illustrations of the potential of our method, we first show that coherent noise error thresholds, when computed at the circuit level (i.e taking into account full syndrome circuits) for distances up to d=9, are systematically overestimated (by a factor of about 4) by a Pauli-twirling approximation of the noise. We then apply our method to the recently introduced magic-state cultivation protocol. We show, through shot-efficient importance sampling, that, at distance d=5, the multiplicative factor between the T-gate and the S-gate injection error rate is not the one conjectured from low-d computations: it can be as large as 7.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_14670
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Computing logical error thresholds with the Pauli Frame Sparse Representation
Tuloup, Thomas
Ayral, Thomas
Quantum Physics
We introduce a sparse classical representation, a truncation strategy and a shot-efficient sampling method to push the classical prediction of quantum error correction thresholds beyond Clifford operations and Pauli errors. As two illustrations of the potential of our method, we first show that coherent noise error thresholds, when computed at the circuit level (i.e taking into account full syndrome circuits) for distances up to d=9, are systematically overestimated (by a factor of about 4) by a Pauli-twirling approximation of the noise. We then apply our method to the recently introduced magic-state cultivation protocol. We show, through shot-efficient importance sampling, that, at distance d=5, the multiplicative factor between the T-gate and the S-gate injection error rate is not the one conjectured from low-d computations: it can be as large as 7.
title Computing logical error thresholds with the Pauli Frame Sparse Representation
topic Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.14670