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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.16090 |
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| _version_ | 1866912969646931968 |
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| author | Milson, Nicholas Tashchilina, Arina Tamura, Kathleen Florizone, Douglas LeBlanc, Lindsay J. |
| author_facet | Milson, Nicholas Tashchilina, Arina Tamura, Kathleen Florizone, Douglas LeBlanc, Lindsay J. |
| contents | Higher-dimensional Hilbert spaces in quantum simulation, as in all quantum science, expand the range of accessible phenomena. In this work, we experimentally realize a synthetic monopole using an ultracold spin-1 ensemble, where the monopole charge is quantified by the topologically invariant first Chern number and sources a synthetic magnetic field quantified by the Berry curvature. By using a three-level system with tunable spin-tensor coupling, we introduce anisotropy to the field, directly measure the Chern number, and observe a topological phase transition. We verify the robustness of the monopole's topological charge under deformation, and observe signatures of the topological phases using spin-texture and Majorana-star measurements. This work demonstrates spin-tensor coupling as a tuning parameter for engineering both geometric anisotropy and a rich topological phase space. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_16090 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Tuning Topological Charge and Gauge Field Anisotropy in a Spin-1 Synthetic Monopole Milson, Nicholas Tashchilina, Arina Tamura, Kathleen Florizone, Douglas LeBlanc, Lindsay J. Quantum Gases Atomic Physics Higher-dimensional Hilbert spaces in quantum simulation, as in all quantum science, expand the range of accessible phenomena. In this work, we experimentally realize a synthetic monopole using an ultracold spin-1 ensemble, where the monopole charge is quantified by the topologically invariant first Chern number and sources a synthetic magnetic field quantified by the Berry curvature. By using a three-level system with tunable spin-tensor coupling, we introduce anisotropy to the field, directly measure the Chern number, and observe a topological phase transition. We verify the robustness of the monopole's topological charge under deformation, and observe signatures of the topological phases using spin-texture and Majorana-star measurements. This work demonstrates spin-tensor coupling as a tuning parameter for engineering both geometric anisotropy and a rich topological phase space. |
| title | Tuning Topological Charge and Gauge Field Anisotropy in a Spin-1 Synthetic Monopole |
| topic | Quantum Gases Atomic Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.16090 |