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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.16716 |
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Table of Contents:
- We consider the eigenvalue problem to find the modes of an electromagnetic coaxial step index fiber. More specific, we consider a closed (meaning PEC boundary conditions) cylindrical waveguide with circular cross section $Γ$, wave propagation modeled by the time-harmonic Maxwell's equations with frequency $ω$, the permeability $μ$ and the permittivity $ε$ being scalar, uniformly positive, piece-wise constant and depending only on the radial variable of the cross section. We prove that if the deviation from the homogeneous case is small, i.e., $δ_{ε,μ}:=\|ε-ε_0\|_{L^\infty}+\|μ-μ_0\|_{L^\infty}\ll1$, then the tangential electric (magnetic) fields of the modes form a Riesz basis in $\mathbf{H}_{0}(\operatorname{curl}_Γ;Γ)$ ($\mathbf{H}(\operatorname{curl}_Γ;Γ)$). For a constant permeability (permittivity) the Riesz basis property for the tangential electric (magnetic) fields holds also in the natural trace space $\mathbf{H}_{0}^{-1/2}(\operatorname{curl}_Γ;Γ)$ ($\mathbf{H}^{-1/2}(\operatorname{curl}_Γ;Γ)$). These results hold also for complex frequencies $ω$. In addition, if $ω\in\mathbb{R}$, then for small enough $δ_{ε,μ}$ all wavenumbers are located on the axes and there exist no backward modes. Key tools in the analysis are a particular reformulation of the eigenvalue problem, the perturbation theory for selfadjoint operators under a local subordinate condition and uniform properties of Bessel functions.