Ultralight Scalar Dark Matter with Off-Diagonal Flavor Couplings
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arXiv
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| Auteurs principaux: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Publié: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866908896622280704 |
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| author | Guo, Jinhui Liu, Jia Peng, Chenhao Wang, Xiao-Ping Zhao, Hang |
| author_facet | Guo, Jinhui Liu, Jia Peng, Chenhao Wang, Xiao-Ping Zhao, Hang |
| contents | Ultralight dark matter can behave as a coherent background field and induce time-dependent modifications of Standard Model parameters. We study a scenario in which a real ultralight scalar $ϕ$ couples off-diagonally to down-type quarks, linking ultralight dark sectors to flavor physics. Working within an effective field theory, we diagonalize the quark mass matrix in a coherent $ϕ$ background and derive analytic expressions for oscillatory shifts in down-type quark masses and CKM parameters. These effects lead to signatures in both the classical regime, where $ϕ$ acts as a background field, and the quantum (particle) regime, where it contributes through on-shell production or off-shell mediation. Using precision flavor measurements, nuclear $β$ decays, atomic clocks, pulsar timing, and meson observables, we derive constraints on the flavor-violating couplings $λ_{ij}$ for $m_ϕ\sim 10^{-24}$--$10^{-12}\,\mathrm{eV}$, highlighting the complementarity of time-domain and flavor probes of ultralight dark sectors. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_17237 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Ultralight Scalar Dark Matter with Off-Diagonal Flavor Couplings Guo, Jinhui Liu, Jia Peng, Chenhao Wang, Xiao-Ping Zhao, Hang High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Ultralight dark matter can behave as a coherent background field and induce time-dependent modifications of Standard Model parameters. We study a scenario in which a real ultralight scalar $ϕ$ couples off-diagonally to down-type quarks, linking ultralight dark sectors to flavor physics. Working within an effective field theory, we diagonalize the quark mass matrix in a coherent $ϕ$ background and derive analytic expressions for oscillatory shifts in down-type quark masses and CKM parameters. These effects lead to signatures in both the classical regime, where $ϕ$ acts as a background field, and the quantum (particle) regime, where it contributes through on-shell production or off-shell mediation. Using precision flavor measurements, nuclear $β$ decays, atomic clocks, pulsar timing, and meson observables, we derive constraints on the flavor-violating couplings $λ_{ij}$ for $m_ϕ\sim 10^{-24}$--$10^{-12}\,\mathrm{eV}$, highlighting the complementarity of time-domain and flavor probes of ultralight dark sectors. |
| title | Ultralight Scalar Dark Matter with Off-Diagonal Flavor Couplings |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.17237 |