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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Varshney, Apurv, Turkstra, Lily M., Su, Jiaxin, Zhou, Mable, Grafton, Scott T., Giesbrecht, Barry, Hegarty, Mary, Beyeler, Michael
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.17238
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author Varshney, Apurv
Turkstra, Lily M.
Su, Jiaxin
Zhou, Mable
Grafton, Scott T.
Giesbrecht, Barry
Hegarty, Mary
Beyeler, Michael
author_facet Varshney, Apurv
Turkstra, Lily M.
Su, Jiaxin
Zhou, Mable
Grafton, Scott T.
Giesbrecht, Barry
Hegarty, Mary
Beyeler, Michael
contents Navigation aids are central to immersive virtual reality (VR) experiences that involve physical locomotion. Their effectiveness depends not only on how much spatial information they provide, but also on how directly that information supports movement decisions. We compared three common guidance techniques for immersive VR wayfinding: a directional arrow, a minimap, and a compass. In a controlled room-scale VR study with 42 participants completing 1008 trials, participants navigated to target landmarks in a time-pressured maze with reduced visibility and forced route replanning. Across behavioral and eye-tracking measures, arrow guidance produced the strongest navigation performance, minimap guidance yielded intermediate performance, and compass cues performed worst, suggesting that during immersive locomotion users benefit from guidance that can be interpreted rapidly while moving. These results suggest that in demanding immersive locomotion tasks, interfaces that translate spatial information directly into actionable movement cues can outperform richer but more interpretive spatial representations. Our findings highlight the importance of designing XR navigation interfaces that minimize the cognitive translation between spatial information and movement decisions.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_17238
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Actionable Guidance Outperforms Map and Compass Cues in Demanding Immersive VR Wayfinding
Varshney, Apurv
Turkstra, Lily M.
Su, Jiaxin
Zhou, Mable
Grafton, Scott T.
Giesbrecht, Barry
Hegarty, Mary
Beyeler, Michael
Human-Computer Interaction
Navigation aids are central to immersive virtual reality (VR) experiences that involve physical locomotion. Their effectiveness depends not only on how much spatial information they provide, but also on how directly that information supports movement decisions. We compared three common guidance techniques for immersive VR wayfinding: a directional arrow, a minimap, and a compass. In a controlled room-scale VR study with 42 participants completing 1008 trials, participants navigated to target landmarks in a time-pressured maze with reduced visibility and forced route replanning. Across behavioral and eye-tracking measures, arrow guidance produced the strongest navigation performance, minimap guidance yielded intermediate performance, and compass cues performed worst, suggesting that during immersive locomotion users benefit from guidance that can be interpreted rapidly while moving. These results suggest that in demanding immersive locomotion tasks, interfaces that translate spatial information directly into actionable movement cues can outperform richer but more interpretive spatial representations. Our findings highlight the importance of designing XR navigation interfaces that minimize the cognitive translation between spatial information and movement decisions.
title Actionable Guidance Outperforms Map and Compass Cues in Demanding Immersive VR Wayfinding
topic Human-Computer Interaction
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.17238