Emergent superconformal symmetry in the phase diagram of a 1D $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ lattice gauge theory
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866914406286229504 |
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| author | Beradze, Bachana Tsitsishvili, Mikheil Moroz, Sergej |
| author_facet | Beradze, Bachana Tsitsishvili, Mikheil Moroz, Sergej |
| contents | We investigate the phase diagram and critical properties of a one-dimensional $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ lattice gauge theory describing an orthogonal metal, where spinless fermions and Ising spins are minimally coupled to a deconfined $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ gauge field. Working at half-filling of fermions, we derive an exact gauge-invariant formulation that maps the model onto decoupled XXZ and transverse-field Ising chains. This mapping enables a controlled low-energy field-theory description in terms of a perturbed Luttinger liquid and Ising conformal field theories. Combining analytical arguments with numerical simulations, we determine the full phase diagram and identify various critical and multi-critical regimes. Along a specific multi-critical line, where the fermionic and bosonic velocities coincide, we find strong evidence for an emergent superconformal symmetry. Our results establish a minimal lattice realization of emergent superconformal criticalities in a gauge-matter system and provide a route toward its exploration in quantum simulators. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_17807 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Emergent superconformal symmetry in the phase diagram of a 1D $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ lattice gauge theory Beradze, Bachana Tsitsishvili, Mikheil Moroz, Sergej Strongly Correlated Electrons Quantum Gases Statistical Mechanics High Energy Physics - Theory We investigate the phase diagram and critical properties of a one-dimensional $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ lattice gauge theory describing an orthogonal metal, where spinless fermions and Ising spins are minimally coupled to a deconfined $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ gauge field. Working at half-filling of fermions, we derive an exact gauge-invariant formulation that maps the model onto decoupled XXZ and transverse-field Ising chains. This mapping enables a controlled low-energy field-theory description in terms of a perturbed Luttinger liquid and Ising conformal field theories. Combining analytical arguments with numerical simulations, we determine the full phase diagram and identify various critical and multi-critical regimes. Along a specific multi-critical line, where the fermionic and bosonic velocities coincide, we find strong evidence for an emergent superconformal symmetry. Our results establish a minimal lattice realization of emergent superconformal criticalities in a gauge-matter system and provide a route toward its exploration in quantum simulators. |
| title | Emergent superconformal symmetry in the phase diagram of a 1D $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ lattice gauge theory |
| topic | Strongly Correlated Electrons Quantum Gases Statistical Mechanics High Energy Physics - Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.17807 |