Thermodynamic Discovery of Tetracriticality and Emergent Multicomponent Superconductivity in UTe$_2$

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kamat, Sahas, Dans, Jared, Saha, Shanta, Kokovin, Artem D., Paglione, Johnpierre, Schmalian, Jörg, Ramshaw, B. J.
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866914406940540928
author Kamat, Sahas
Dans, Jared
Saha, Shanta
Kokovin, Artem D.
Paglione, Johnpierre
Schmalian, Jörg
Ramshaw, B. J.
author_facet Kamat, Sahas
Dans, Jared
Saha, Shanta
Kokovin, Artem D.
Paglione, Johnpierre
Schmalian, Jörg
Ramshaw, B. J.
contents The candidate topological superconductor UTe$_2$ exhibits a complex phase diagram with multiple superconducting states, yet the nature of their coexistence has remained a central mystery. In particular, the apparent intersection of two second-order phase boundaries at a ``triple point'' in the pressure-temperature phase diagram is thermodynamically forbidden, suggesting hidden phase transitions or a fundamental misunderstanding of the superconductivity in UTe$_2$. Here, we use pulse-echo ultrasound to resolve this puzzle by discovering a new phase boundary that is characterized by a unique ``upward jump" in the sound velocity -- direct thermodynamic evidence for a re-entrant phase transition. Our results establish $\left(P^{\star},T^{\star}\right)$ as a tetracrtical point, beyond which the ambient and pressure-induced superconducting order parameters form a multi-component state. We use the measured phase diagram to construct a Ginzburg-Landau theory that shows that strong competition between the two superconducting order parameters drives the re-entrance and leads to phase locking that suppress superconducting fluctuations. These findings provide the definitive magnetic field-temperature-pressure phase diagram and establish a thermodynamic foundation for multi-component -- and potentially topological -- superconductivity in UTe$_2$.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_17905
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Thermodynamic Discovery of Tetracriticality and Emergent Multicomponent Superconductivity in UTe$_2$
Kamat, Sahas
Dans, Jared
Saha, Shanta
Kokovin, Artem D.
Paglione, Johnpierre
Schmalian, Jörg
Ramshaw, B. J.
Superconductivity
The candidate topological superconductor UTe$_2$ exhibits a complex phase diagram with multiple superconducting states, yet the nature of their coexistence has remained a central mystery. In particular, the apparent intersection of two second-order phase boundaries at a ``triple point'' in the pressure-temperature phase diagram is thermodynamically forbidden, suggesting hidden phase transitions or a fundamental misunderstanding of the superconductivity in UTe$_2$. Here, we use pulse-echo ultrasound to resolve this puzzle by discovering a new phase boundary that is characterized by a unique ``upward jump" in the sound velocity -- direct thermodynamic evidence for a re-entrant phase transition. Our results establish $\left(P^{\star},T^{\star}\right)$ as a tetracrtical point, beyond which the ambient and pressure-induced superconducting order parameters form a multi-component state. We use the measured phase diagram to construct a Ginzburg-Landau theory that shows that strong competition between the two superconducting order parameters drives the re-entrance and leads to phase locking that suppress superconducting fluctuations. These findings provide the definitive magnetic field-temperature-pressure phase diagram and establish a thermodynamic foundation for multi-component -- and potentially topological -- superconductivity in UTe$_2$.
title Thermodynamic Discovery of Tetracriticality and Emergent Multicomponent Superconductivity in UTe$_2$
topic Superconductivity
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.17905