Investigating students' gender expression and its relation to sense of belonging in introductory physics courses

Fuente: arXiv
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Hauptverfasser: Leibnitz, Noah, Li, Yangqiuting
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Leibnitz, Noah
Li, Yangqiuting
author_facet Leibnitz, Noah
Li, Yangqiuting
contents Despite nation efforts to promote diversity and inclusion, women and gender minorities remain underrepresented in physics. One common approach to studying gender in physics contexts treats gender as a categorical identity variable (e.g. "man," "woman"). In contrast, approaches that center gender expression focus on the nuanced and context-dependent ways in which gender is socially enacted and interpreted. They are therefore well-suited for exploring how gender permeates the small-scale interactions that ultimately shape students' persistence and perceptions of inclusivity. In the present study, we utilized gender expression as a lens to investigate gendered patterns in introductory undergraduate physics students' sense of belonging in the discipline. Specifically, this qualitative investigation expands on our previous quantitative work to investigate why students may feel misperceived by their peers in physics and how that experience influences their belonging. Results indicated that students' sense of belonging may be impacted by perceived pressures to alter their gender expression in physics contexts. Many interviewees expressed a felt need to present themselves more "masculinely" to fit in. Contrastingly, pressure to present "femininely" was most often associated with standing out. Implications for supporting students' authentic self-ex in physics contexts are discussed.
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id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_17966
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Investigating students' gender expression and its relation to sense of belonging in introductory physics courses
Leibnitz, Noah
Li, Yangqiuting
Physics Education
Despite nation efforts to promote diversity and inclusion, women and gender minorities remain underrepresented in physics. One common approach to studying gender in physics contexts treats gender as a categorical identity variable (e.g. "man," "woman"). In contrast, approaches that center gender expression focus on the nuanced and context-dependent ways in which gender is socially enacted and interpreted. They are therefore well-suited for exploring how gender permeates the small-scale interactions that ultimately shape students' persistence and perceptions of inclusivity. In the present study, we utilized gender expression as a lens to investigate gendered patterns in introductory undergraduate physics students' sense of belonging in the discipline. Specifically, this qualitative investigation expands on our previous quantitative work to investigate why students may feel misperceived by their peers in physics and how that experience influences their belonging. Results indicated that students' sense of belonging may be impacted by perceived pressures to alter their gender expression in physics contexts. Many interviewees expressed a felt need to present themselves more "masculinely" to fit in. Contrastingly, pressure to present "femininely" was most often associated with standing out. Implications for supporting students' authentic self-ex in physics contexts are discussed.
title Investigating students' gender expression and its relation to sense of belonging in introductory physics courses
topic Physics Education
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.17966