Evaluating LLM-Generated Lessons from the Language Learning Students' Perspective: A Short Case Study on Duolingo

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Catalan, Carlos Rafael, Monderin, Patricia Nicole, Dizon, Lheane Marie, Estrella, Gap, Sarmimento, Raymund John, Patalagsa, Marie Antoinette
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2026
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author Catalan, Carlos Rafael
Monderin, Patricia Nicole
Dizon, Lheane Marie
Estrella, Gap
Sarmimento, Raymund John
Patalagsa, Marie Antoinette
author_facet Catalan, Carlos Rafael
Monderin, Patricia Nicole
Dizon, Lheane Marie
Estrella, Gap
Sarmimento, Raymund John
Patalagsa, Marie Antoinette
contents Popular language learning applications such as Duolingo use large language models (LLMs) to generate lessons for its users. Most lessons focus on general real-world scenarios such as greetings, ordering food, or asking directions, with limited support for profession-specific contexts. This gap can hinder learners from achieving professional-level fluency, which we define as the ability to communicate comfortably various work-related and domain-specific information in the target language. We surveyed five employees from a multinational company in the Philippines on their experiences with Duolingo. Results show that respondents encountered general scenarios more frequently than work-related ones, and that the former are relatable and effective in building foundational grammar, vocabulary, and cultural knowledge. The latter helps bridge the gap toward professional fluency as it contains domain-specific vocabulary. Each participant suggested lesson scenarios that diverge in contexts when analyzed in aggregate. With this understanding, we propose that language learning applications should generate lessons that adapt to an individual's needs through personalized, domain specific lesson scenarios while maintaining foundational support through general, relatable lesson scenarios.
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id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_18873
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Evaluating LLM-Generated Lessons from the Language Learning Students' Perspective: A Short Case Study on Duolingo
Catalan, Carlos Rafael
Monderin, Patricia Nicole
Dizon, Lheane Marie
Estrella, Gap
Sarmimento, Raymund John
Patalagsa, Marie Antoinette
Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
Human-Computer Interaction
Popular language learning applications such as Duolingo use large language models (LLMs) to generate lessons for its users. Most lessons focus on general real-world scenarios such as greetings, ordering food, or asking directions, with limited support for profession-specific contexts. This gap can hinder learners from achieving professional-level fluency, which we define as the ability to communicate comfortably various work-related and domain-specific information in the target language. We surveyed five employees from a multinational company in the Philippines on their experiences with Duolingo. Results show that respondents encountered general scenarios more frequently than work-related ones, and that the former are relatable and effective in building foundational grammar, vocabulary, and cultural knowledge. The latter helps bridge the gap toward professional fluency as it contains domain-specific vocabulary. Each participant suggested lesson scenarios that diverge in contexts when analyzed in aggregate. With this understanding, we propose that language learning applications should generate lessons that adapt to an individual's needs through personalized, domain specific lesson scenarios while maintaining foundational support through general, relatable lesson scenarios.
title Evaluating LLM-Generated Lessons from the Language Learning Students' Perspective: A Short Case Study on Duolingo
topic Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
Human-Computer Interaction
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.18873