A Stabilized Mortar Method for Discontinuities in Geological Media with Non-Conforming Grids

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Main Authors: Moretto, Daniele, Franceschini, Andrea, Ferronato, Massimiliano
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Moretto, Daniele
Franceschini, Andrea
Ferronato, Massimiliano
author_facet Moretto, Daniele
Franceschini, Andrea
Ferronato, Massimiliano
contents Accurate numerical simulation of fault and fracture mechanics is critical for the performance and safety assessment of many subsurface systems. The discretized representation of discontinuity surfaces and the robust simulation of their frictional contact behavior still represent major challenges. In this work, we use the mortar method to enforce the contact constraints and allow for non-conformity around the discontinuity surface, with a set of Lagrange multipliers playing the role of interface tractions. The formulation combines piecewise linear displacements with piecewise constant multipliers defined on one side of the fault interface (the non-mortar side). This choice for the Lagrange multipliers has a number of advantages from practical and computational viewpoints, but violates the inf-sup stability constraint. In order to stabilize the proposed formulation, we develop a traction-jump stabilization term to be added to the constraint equations. We use a macro-element analysis to derive an algorithmic strategy that automatically evaluates the proper scaling of the stabilization, without requiring any additional user-selected parameter. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed formulation not only restores the inf-sup stability condition, but also recovers stable traction profiles in the presence of finer non-mortar sides, where other inf-sup-stable formulations fail. The proposed method is finally used to simulate non-linear contact conditions in non-conforming corner-point grids typically used in industrial geological applications.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_18905
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle A Stabilized Mortar Method for Discontinuities in Geological Media with Non-Conforming Grids
Moretto, Daniele
Franceschini, Andrea
Ferronato, Massimiliano
Numerical Analysis
Accurate numerical simulation of fault and fracture mechanics is critical for the performance and safety assessment of many subsurface systems. The discretized representation of discontinuity surfaces and the robust simulation of their frictional contact behavior still represent major challenges. In this work, we use the mortar method to enforce the contact constraints and allow for non-conformity around the discontinuity surface, with a set of Lagrange multipliers playing the role of interface tractions. The formulation combines piecewise linear displacements with piecewise constant multipliers defined on one side of the fault interface (the non-mortar side). This choice for the Lagrange multipliers has a number of advantages from practical and computational viewpoints, but violates the inf-sup stability constraint. In order to stabilize the proposed formulation, we develop a traction-jump stabilization term to be added to the constraint equations. We use a macro-element analysis to derive an algorithmic strategy that automatically evaluates the proper scaling of the stabilization, without requiring any additional user-selected parameter. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed formulation not only restores the inf-sup stability condition, but also recovers stable traction profiles in the presence of finer non-mortar sides, where other inf-sup-stable formulations fail. The proposed method is finally used to simulate non-linear contact conditions in non-conforming corner-point grids typically used in industrial geological applications.
title A Stabilized Mortar Method for Discontinuities in Geological Media with Non-Conforming Grids
topic Numerical Analysis
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.18905