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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.19083 |
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| _version_ | 1866911633380474880 |
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| author | Morales-Zapien, David Profumo, Stefano |
| author_facet | Morales-Zapien, David Profumo, Stefano |
| contents | The nature of the so-called G objects orbiting the Galactic Center remains unresolved. These sources exhibit compact Br$γ$ emission, extreme infrared colors, and remarkable dynamical stability through close passages to the central supermassive black hole, challenging conventional interpretations as stars or unbound gas clouds. We investigate the hypothesis that G objects are the remnants of neutron stars that have been converted into low-mass black holes through the capture of primordial black holes, a viable dark-matter candidate. We construct a population-level framework linking the abundance and spatial distribution of these remnants to the neutron-star population, the inner dark-matter density profile, and the primordial black-hole mass and abundance. Within this framework, the observed G-object population and the long-standing deficit of ordinary radio pulsars in the Galactic Center emerge as complementary consequences of the same conversion process. We further identify a suite of observational signatures-across infrared, radio, X-ray, and microlensing channels-that render this scenario empirically testable and distinguishable from stellar-envelope models. Our results show that G objects can act as sensitive probes of compact-object capture physics and of dark matter on sub-galactic scales. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_19083 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | G objects as Primordial Black Hole-Neutron Star Remnants: Population Modeling and Multi-Wavelength Observables Morales-Zapien, David Profumo, Stefano High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Astrophysics of Galaxies High Energy Physics - Phenomenology The nature of the so-called G objects orbiting the Galactic Center remains unresolved. These sources exhibit compact Br$γ$ emission, extreme infrared colors, and remarkable dynamical stability through close passages to the central supermassive black hole, challenging conventional interpretations as stars or unbound gas clouds. We investigate the hypothesis that G objects are the remnants of neutron stars that have been converted into low-mass black holes through the capture of primordial black holes, a viable dark-matter candidate. We construct a population-level framework linking the abundance and spatial distribution of these remnants to the neutron-star population, the inner dark-matter density profile, and the primordial black-hole mass and abundance. Within this framework, the observed G-object population and the long-standing deficit of ordinary radio pulsars in the Galactic Center emerge as complementary consequences of the same conversion process. We further identify a suite of observational signatures-across infrared, radio, X-ray, and microlensing channels-that render this scenario empirically testable and distinguishable from stellar-envelope models. Our results show that G objects can act as sensitive probes of compact-object capture physics and of dark matter on sub-galactic scales. |
| title | G objects as Primordial Black Hole-Neutron Star Remnants: Population Modeling and Multi-Wavelength Observables |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Astrophysics of Galaxies High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.19083 |