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Main Authors: Ebrahimi, Najme, Li, Haoling, Suer, Gun, Fong, Kin Chung, Ranzani, Leonardo
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.19580
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author Ebrahimi, Najme
Li, Haoling
Suer, Gun
Fong, Kin Chung
Ranzani, Leonardo
author_facet Ebrahimi, Najme
Li, Haoling
Suer, Gun
Fong, Kin Chung
Ranzani, Leonardo
contents The increasing demand for high-speed wireless connectivity and scalable quantum information processing has driven parallel advancements in millimeter-wave (MMW) communication transmitters and cryogenic qubit controllers. Despite serving different applications, both systems rely on the precise generation of radio frequency (RF) waveforms with stringent requirements on spectral purity, timing, and amplitude control. Recent architecture eliminates conventional methods by embedding digital signal generation and processing directly into the RF path, transforming digital bits into physical waveforms for either electromagnetic transmission or quantum state control. This article presents a unified analysis of direct-digital modulation techniques across both domains, showing the synergy and similarities between these two domains. The article also focuses on four core architectures: Cartesian I/Q, Polar, RF- Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), and harmonic/subharmonic modulation across both domains. We analyze their respective trade-offs in energy efficiency, signal integrity, waveform synthesis, error mitigations, and highlight how architectural innovations in one domain can accelerate progress in the other
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_19580
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Direct Digital-to-Physical Synthesis: From mmWave Transmitter to Qubit Control
Ebrahimi, Najme
Li, Haoling
Suer, Gun
Fong, Kin Chung
Ranzani, Leonardo
Systems and Control
The increasing demand for high-speed wireless connectivity and scalable quantum information processing has driven parallel advancements in millimeter-wave (MMW) communication transmitters and cryogenic qubit controllers. Despite serving different applications, both systems rely on the precise generation of radio frequency (RF) waveforms with stringent requirements on spectral purity, timing, and amplitude control. Recent architecture eliminates conventional methods by embedding digital signal generation and processing directly into the RF path, transforming digital bits into physical waveforms for either electromagnetic transmission or quantum state control. This article presents a unified analysis of direct-digital modulation techniques across both domains, showing the synergy and similarities between these two domains. The article also focuses on four core architectures: Cartesian I/Q, Polar, RF- Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), and harmonic/subharmonic modulation across both domains. We analyze their respective trade-offs in energy efficiency, signal integrity, waveform synthesis, error mitigations, and highlight how architectural innovations in one domain can accelerate progress in the other
title Direct Digital-to-Physical Synthesis: From mmWave Transmitter to Qubit Control
topic Systems and Control
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.19580