Ties in Function Field Prime Races

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Bates, Graeme, Jesubalan, Ryan, Lee, Seewoo, Lu, Jane, Shim, Hyewon
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2026
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author Bates, Graeme
Jesubalan, Ryan
Lee, Seewoo
Lu, Jane
Shim, Hyewon
author_facet Bates, Graeme
Jesubalan, Ryan
Lee, Seewoo
Lu, Jane
Shim, Hyewon
contents The function field analogue of Chebyshev's bias was first studied by Cha. In this paper, we study *ties* in this race, namely collections of distinct congruence classes $c_1, \dots, c_k \in (\mathbb{F}_q[T] / m)^\times$ for which $$π(N; m, c_1) = π(N; m, c_2) = \dots = π(N; m, c_k)$$ holds for infinitely many $N$. We provide infinitely many examples of $(m, c_1, \dots, c_k)$ for which the tie holds whenever $N$ satisfies certain congruence conditions. We give two different proofs: first, via the explicit formula for prime counts in terms of $L$-functions together with a matrix analogue of Möbius inversion, where exceptional pairs of Galois-conjugate elements in the corresponding cyclotomic fields produce ties; and second, via an explicit bijection arising from the $\mathrm{GL}_2(\mathbb{F}_q)$-action. Our examples also include characteristic 2 cases.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_21005
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Ties in Function Field Prime Races
Bates, Graeme
Jesubalan, Ryan
Lee, Seewoo
Lu, Jane
Shim, Hyewon
Number Theory
11T06, 11M38
The function field analogue of Chebyshev's bias was first studied by Cha. In this paper, we study *ties* in this race, namely collections of distinct congruence classes $c_1, \dots, c_k \in (\mathbb{F}_q[T] / m)^\times$ for which $$π(N; m, c_1) = π(N; m, c_2) = \dots = π(N; m, c_k)$$ holds for infinitely many $N$. We provide infinitely many examples of $(m, c_1, \dots, c_k)$ for which the tie holds whenever $N$ satisfies certain congruence conditions. We give two different proofs: first, via the explicit formula for prime counts in terms of $L$-functions together with a matrix analogue of Möbius inversion, where exceptional pairs of Galois-conjugate elements in the corresponding cyclotomic fields produce ties; and second, via an explicit bijection arising from the $\mathrm{GL}_2(\mathbb{F}_q)$-action. Our examples also include characteristic 2 cases.
title Ties in Function Field Prime Races
topic Number Theory
11T06, 11M38
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.21005