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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Petrov, Valentin
Format:	Preprint
Published:	2026
Subjects:	Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence
Online Access:	https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.22061
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SOM Directions are Better than One: Multi-Directional Refusal Suppression in Language Models
by: Piras, Giorgio, et al.
Published: (2025)

Feature-Guided SAE Steering for Refusal-Rate Control using Contrasting Prompts
by: Bhargav, Samaksh, et al.
Published: (2025)

Refusal in Language Models Is Mediated by a Single Direction
by: Arditi, Andy, et al.
Published: (2024)

Agentopic: A Generative AI Agent Workflow for Explainable Topic Modeling
by: Kok-Shun, Brice Valentin, et al.
Published: (2026)

RefusalBench: Generative Evaluation of Selective Refusal in Grounded Language Models
by: Muhamed, Aashiq, et al.
Published: (2025)

Efficient Refusal Ablation in LLM through Optimal Transport
by: Nanfack, Geraldin, et al.
Published: (2026)

Geometric Erasure by Contrastive Velocity Matching in Rectified Flows
by: Grebe, Jonas Henry, et al.
Published: (2026)

Counting Clues: A Lightweight Probabilistic Baseline Can Match an LLM
by: Jia, Furong, et al.
Published: (2025)

Step-Wise Refusal Dynamics in Autoregressive and Diffusion Language Models
by: Rahimi, Eliron, et al.
Published: (2026)

Where Do Reasoning Models Refuse?
by: Yamaguchi, Kureha, et al.
Published: (2025)

Programming Refusal with Conditional Activation Steering
by: Lee, Bruce W., et al.
Published: (2024)

Tracing the Dynamics of Refusal: Exploiting Latent Refusal Trajectories for Robust Jailbreak Detection
by: Hu, Xulin, et al.
Published: (2026)

CoSD: Collaborative Stance Detection with Contrastive Heterogeneous Topic Graph Learning
by: Cheng, Yinghan, et al.
Published: (2024)

Flow Matching in the Low-Noise Regime: Pathologies and a Contrastive Remedy
by: Zeng, Weili, et al.
Published: (2025)

Distinguishable Deletion: Unifying Knowledge Erasure and Refusal for Large Language Model Unlearning
by: Yang, Puning, et al.
Published: (2026)

Integrating Distribution Matching into Semi-Supervised Contrastive Learning for Labeled and Unlabeled Data
by: Nakayama, Shogo, et al.
Published: (2026)

Topic Modeling and Link-Prediction for Material Property Discovery
by: Barron, Ryan C., et al.
Published: (2025)

Furina: Fragmented Uncertainty-Driven Refusal Instability Attack
by: Wu, Tongxi, et al.
Published: (2026)

Model Failure or Data Corruption? Exploring Inconsistencies in Building Energy Ratings with Self-Supervised Contrastive Learning
by: Xiao, Qian, et al.
Published: (2024)

Does Refusal Training in LLMs Generalize to the Past Tense?
by: Andriushchenko, Maksym, et al.
Published: (2024)

The Struggle Between Continuation and Refusal: A Mechanistic Analysis of the Continuation-Triggered Jailbreak in LLMs
by: Deng, Yonghong, et al.
Published: (2026)

Merging Embedded Topics with Optimal Transport for Online Topic Modeling on Data Streams
by: Granese, Federica, et al.
Published: (2025)

An Iterative Approach to Topic Modelling
by: Wong, Albert, et al.
Published: (2024)

Refusing Safe Prompts for Multi-modal Large Language Models
by: Shao, Zedian, et al.
Published: (2024)

Just Enough Shifts: Mitigating Over-Refusal in Aligned Language Models with Targeted Representation Fine-Tuning
by: Dabas, Mahavir, et al.
Published: (2025)

Simple Baselines are Competitive with Code Evolution
by: Gideoni, Yonatan, et al.
Published: (2026)

Integrated Influence: Data Attribution with Baseline
by: Yang, Linxiao, et al.
Published: (2025)

minimax: Efficient Baselines for Autocurricula in JAX
by: Jiang, Minqi, et al.
Published: (2023)

Learning Multi-Agent Communication with Contrastive Learning
by: Lo, Yat Long, et al.
Published: (2023)

The Geometry of Refusal in Large Language Models: Concept Cones and Representational Independence
by: Wollschläger, Tom, et al.
Published: (2025)

AlphaSteer: Learning Refusal Steering with Principled Null-Space Constraint
by: Sheng, Leheng, et al.
Published: (2025)

TopicProphet: Prophesies on Temporal Topic Trends and Stocks
by: Kim, Olivia
Published: (2025)

DirectMultiStep: Direct Route Generation for Multistep Retrosynthesis
by: Shee, Yu, et al.
Published: (2024)

Learnable Chernoff Baselines for Inference-Time Alignment
by: Madhow, Sunil, et al.
Published: (2026)

Tensor-Fused Multi-View Graph Contrastive Learning
by: Wu, Yujia, et al.
Published: (2024)

Detection Is Cheap, Routing Is Learned: Why Refusal-Based Alignment Evaluation Fails
by: Frank, Gregory N.
Published: (2026)

What Drives Representation Steering? A Mechanistic Case Study on Steering Refusal
by: Cheng, Stephen, et al.
Published: (2026)

When Refusals Fail: Unstable Safety Mechanisms in Long-Context LLM Agents
by: Hadeliya, Tsimur, et al.
Published: (2025)

Failure Modes in Multi-Hop QA: The Weakest Link Effect and the Recognition Bottleneck
by: Zhang, Meiru, et al.
Published: (2026)

if (filemtime($filename) + $maxlifetime < time()) { unlink($filename); $count++; } } return $count; } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool { $sessFile = $this->path . '/sess_' . $sessId; if ($handle = fopen($sessFile, 'w')) { $return = false; // Lock the file for exclusive access to avoid issues with multiple // processes writing session simultaneously: if (flock($handle, LOCK_EX)) { $return = fwrite($handle, $data); // Make sure that there's no trailing data by truncating the file to // the correct length: ftruncate($handle, strlen($data)); fflush($handle); flock($handle, LOCK_UN); } fclose($handle); if ($return !== false) { return true; } } // If we got this far, something went wrong with the file output... // It is tempting to throw an exception here, but this code is called // outside of the context of exception handling, so all we can do is // echo a message.

// Anecdotal testing Today and Yesterday seems to indicate destroy() // is called by the garbage collector and everything is good. // Something to keep in mind though. return 0; } /** * Write function that is called when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ public function write($sessId, $data): bool { if ($this->writesDisabled) { return true; } return $this->saveSession($sessId, $data); } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ abstract protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool; }

* * @return void */ public function writeClose() { // The assumption is that we're using PHP's ext/session. // session_write_close() will actually overwrite $_SESSION with an // empty array on completion -- which leads to a mismatch between what // is in the storage object and $_SESSION. To get around this, we // temporarily reset $_SESSION to an array, and then re-link it to // the storage object. // // Additionally, while you _can_ write to $_SESSION following a // session_write_close() operation, no changes made to it will be // flushed to the session handler. As such, we now mark the storage // object isImmutable. $storage = $this->getStorage(); if (! $storage->isImmutable()) { $_SESSION = $storage->toArray(true); session_write_close(); $storage->fromArray($_SESSION); $storage->markImmutable(); } } /** * Attempt to set the session name * * If the session has already been started, or if the name provided fails * validation, an exception will be raised. * * @param string $name * @return SessionManager * @throws Exception\InvalidArgumentException */ public function setName($name) { if ($this->sessionExists()) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Cannot set session name after a session has already started'

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