A Multi-messenger Search for Ultra-high-energy Gamma Rays in Coincidence with Neutrinos

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Main Authors:	Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Andrés, A., Anita-Rangel, E., Araya, M., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Bangale, P., Belmont-Moreno, E., Bernal, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, De la Fuente, E., de León, C., Desiati, P., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, DuVernois, M. A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Engel, K., Ergin, T., Espinoza, C., Fang, K., Fraija, N., Fraija, S., Galván-Gámez, A., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., Ghosh, N., González, M. M., González, J. A., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Guevel, D., Gyeong, J., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Hinton, J., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Kaufmann, S., Lara, A., Leavitt, K., Lee, J., Lewis, T., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martin, M., Martinez, O., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Mirón-Enriquez, P. E., Morales-Soto, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Najafi, M., Nayerhoda, A., Nellen, L., Omodei, N., Osorio-Archila, M., Ponce, E., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Parra, A. Rodriguez, Rosa-González, D., Roth, M., Salazar, H., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Serna-Franco, J., Shin, M., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Springer, R. W., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Varela, E., Villaseñor, L., Wang, X., Wang, Z., Watson, I. J., Wu, H., Yu, S., Yun-Cárcamo, S., Zhang, X., Zhou, H.
Format:	Preprint
Published:	2026
Subjects:	High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Online Access:	Acceder al recurso
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author	Alfaro, R. Alvarez, C. Andrés, A. Anita-Rangel, E. Araya, M. Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C. Rojas, D. Avila Solares, H. A. Ayala Babu, R. Bangale, P. Belmont-Moreno, E. Bernal, A. Caballero-Mora, K. S. Capistrán, T. Carramiñana, A. Casanova, S. Cotti, U. Cotzomi, J. de León, S. Coutiño De la Fuente, E. de León, C. Desiati, P. Di Lalla, N. Hernandez, R. Diaz DuVernois, M. A. Díaz-Vélez, J. C. Engel, K. Ergin, T. Espinoza, C. Fang, K. Fraija, N. Fraija, S. Galván-Gámez, A. García-González, J. A. Garfias, F. Ghosh, N. González, M. M. González, J. A. Goodman, J. A. Groetsch, S. Guevel, D. Gyeong, J. Harding, J. P. Hernández-Cadena, S. Herzog, I. Hinton, J. Huang, D. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F. Hüntemeyer, P. Iriarte, A. Kaufmann, S. Lara, A. Leavitt, K. Lee, J. Lewis, T. Vargas, H. León Linnemann, J. T. Longinotti, A. L. Luis-Raya, G. Malone, K. Martin, M. Martinez, O. Martínez-Castro, J. Matthews, J. A. Miranda-Romagnoli, P. Mirón-Enriquez, P. E. Morales-Soto, J. A. Moreno, E. Mostafá, M. Najafi, M. Nayerhoda, A. Nellen, L. Omodei, N. Osorio-Archila, M. Ponce, E. Araujo, Y. Pérez Pérez-Pérez, E. G. Rho, C. D. Parra, A. Rodriguez Rosa-González, D. Roth, M. Salazar, H. Salazar-Gallegos, D. Sandoval, A. Schneider, M. Serna-Franco, J. Shin, M. Smith, A. J. Son, Y. Springer, R. W. Tibolla, O. Tollefson, K. Torres, I. Torres-Escobedo, R. Varela, E. Villaseñor, L. Wang, X. Wang, Z. Watson, I. J. Wu, H. Yu, S. Yun-Cárcamo, S. Zhang, X. Zhou, H.
author_facet	Alfaro, R. Alvarez, C. Andrés, A. Anita-Rangel, E. Araya, M. Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C. Rojas, D. Avila Solares, H. A. Ayala Babu, R. Bangale, P. Belmont-Moreno, E. Bernal, A. Caballero-Mora, K. S. Capistrán, T. Carramiñana, A. Casanova, S. Cotti, U. Cotzomi, J. de León, S. Coutiño De la Fuente, E. de León, C. Desiati, P. Di Lalla, N. Hernandez, R. Diaz DuVernois, M. A. Díaz-Vélez, J. C. Engel, K. Ergin, T. Espinoza, C. Fang, K. Fraija, N. Fraija, S. Galván-Gámez, A. García-González, J. A. Garfias, F. Ghosh, N. González, M. M. González, J. A. Goodman, J. A. Groetsch, S. Guevel, D. Gyeong, J. Harding, J. P. Hernández-Cadena, S. Herzog, I. Hinton, J. Huang, D. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F. Hüntemeyer, P. Iriarte, A. Kaufmann, S. Lara, A. Leavitt, K. Lee, J. Lewis, T. Vargas, H. León Linnemann, J. T. Longinotti, A. L. Luis-Raya, G. Malone, K. Martin, M. Martinez, O. Martínez-Castro, J. Matthews, J. A. Miranda-Romagnoli, P. Mirón-Enriquez, P. E. Morales-Soto, J. A. Moreno, E. Mostafá, M. Najafi, M. Nayerhoda, A. Nellen, L. Omodei, N. Osorio-Archila, M. Ponce, E. Araujo, Y. Pérez Pérez-Pérez, E. G. Rho, C. D. Parra, A. Rodriguez Rosa-González, D. Roth, M. Salazar, H. Salazar-Gallegos, D. Sandoval, A. Schneider, M. Serna-Franco, J. Shin, M. Smith, A. J. Son, Y. Springer, R. W. Tibolla, O. Tollefson, K. Torres, I. Torres-Escobedo, R. Varela, E. Villaseñor, L. Wang, X. Wang, Z. Watson, I. J. Wu, H. Yu, S. Yun-Cárcamo, S. Zhang, X. Zhou, H.
contents	The last five years have shown us that ultra-high-energy (UHE; $>$100 TeV) gamma-ray sources are ubiquitous, but the nature of these sources remain highly uncertain. UHE gamma rays can be produced via either leptonic (Inverse compton) or hadronic (pion decay) emission mechanisms. To decisively determine the emission mechanisms, multimessenger searches are essential. Neutrinos are of particular interest as they are only created via hadronic channels. In this work, we describe a metric to select high-quality UHE events from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory. We use this metric to search for correlations between HAWC archival data and IceCube public neutrino alerts. 24 spatial coincidences are found, which is higher than the number of events expected by random chance. Therefore, we conclude that there are likely associations between HAWC gamma rays and IceCube neutrinos, but the angular resolutions of the two instruments prevent us from conclusively making any definitive associations between the coincidences and specific astrophysical sources. More sensitive detectors are needed.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_22555
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2026
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	A Multi-messenger Search for Ultra-high-energy Gamma Rays in Coincidence with Neutrinos Alfaro, R. Alvarez, C. Andrés, A. Anita-Rangel, E. Araya, M. Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C. Rojas, D. Avila Solares, H. A. Ayala Babu, R. Bangale, P. Belmont-Moreno, E. Bernal, A. Caballero-Mora, K. S. Capistrán, T. Carramiñana, A. Casanova, S. Cotti, U. Cotzomi, J. de León, S. Coutiño De la Fuente, E. de León, C. Desiati, P. Di Lalla, N. Hernandez, R. Diaz DuVernois, M. A. Díaz-Vélez, J. C. Engel, K. Ergin, T. Espinoza, C. Fang, K. Fraija, N. Fraija, S. Galván-Gámez, A. García-González, J. A. Garfias, F. Ghosh, N. González, M. M. González, J. A. Goodman, J. A. Groetsch, S. Guevel, D. Gyeong, J. Harding, J. P. Hernández-Cadena, S. Herzog, I. Hinton, J. Huang, D. Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F. Hüntemeyer, P. Iriarte, A. Kaufmann, S. Lara, A. Leavitt, K. Lee, J. Lewis, T. Vargas, H. León Linnemann, J. T. Longinotti, A. L. Luis-Raya, G. Malone, K. Martin, M. Martinez, O. Martínez-Castro, J. Matthews, J. A. Miranda-Romagnoli, P. Mirón-Enriquez, P. E. Morales-Soto, J. A. Moreno, E. Mostafá, M. Najafi, M. Nayerhoda, A. Nellen, L. Omodei, N. Osorio-Archila, M. Ponce, E. Araujo, Y. Pérez Pérez-Pérez, E. G. Rho, C. D. Parra, A. Rodriguez Rosa-González, D. Roth, M. Salazar, H. Salazar-Gallegos, D. Sandoval, A. Schneider, M. Serna-Franco, J. Shin, M. Smith, A. J. Son, Y. Springer, R. W. Tibolla, O. Tollefson, K. Torres, I. Torres-Escobedo, R. Varela, E. Villaseñor, L. Wang, X. Wang, Z. Watson, I. J. Wu, H. Yu, S. Yun-Cárcamo, S. Zhang, X. Zhou, H. High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena The last five years have shown us that ultra-high-energy (UHE; $>$100 TeV) gamma-ray sources are ubiquitous, but the nature of these sources remain highly uncertain. UHE gamma rays can be produced via either leptonic (Inverse compton) or hadronic (pion decay) emission mechanisms. To decisively determine the emission mechanisms, multimessenger searches are essential. Neutrinos are of particular interest as they are only created via hadronic channels. In this work, we describe a metric to select high-quality UHE events from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory. We use this metric to search for correlations between HAWC archival data and IceCube public neutrino alerts. 24 spatial coincidences are found, which is higher than the number of events expected by random chance. Therefore, we conclude that there are likely associations between HAWC gamma rays and IceCube neutrinos, but the angular resolutions of the two instruments prevent us from conclusively making any definitive associations between the coincidences and specific astrophysical sources. More sensitive detectors are needed.
title	A Multi-messenger Search for Ultra-high-energy Gamma Rays in Coincidence with Neutrinos
topic	High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.22555