Minibal: Balanced Game-Playing Without Opponent Modeling

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Cohen-Solal, Quentin, Cazenave, Tristan
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2026
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author Cohen-Solal, Quentin
Cazenave, Tristan
author_facet Cohen-Solal, Quentin
Cazenave, Tristan
contents Recent advances in game AI, such as AlphaZero and Athénan, have achieved superhuman performance across a wide range of board games. While highly powerful, these agents are ill-suited for human-AI interaction, as they consistently overwhelm human players, offering little enjoyment and limited educational value. This paper addresses the problem of balanced play, in which an agent challenges its opponent without either dominating or conceding. We introduce Minibal (Minimize & Balance), a variant of Minimax specifically designed for balanced play. Building on this concept, we propose several modifications of the Unbounded Minimax algorithm explicitly aimed at discovering balanced strategies. Experiments conducted across seven board games demonstrate that one variant consistently achieves the most balanced play, with average outcomes close to perfect balance. These results establish Minibal as a promising foundation for designing AI agents that are both challenging and engaging, suitable for both entertainment and serious games.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_23059
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Minibal: Balanced Game-Playing Without Opponent Modeling
Cohen-Solal, Quentin
Cazenave, Tristan
Artificial Intelligence
Recent advances in game AI, such as AlphaZero and Athénan, have achieved superhuman performance across a wide range of board games. While highly powerful, these agents are ill-suited for human-AI interaction, as they consistently overwhelm human players, offering little enjoyment and limited educational value. This paper addresses the problem of balanced play, in which an agent challenges its opponent without either dominating or conceding. We introduce Minibal (Minimize & Balance), a variant of Minimax specifically designed for balanced play. Building on this concept, we propose several modifications of the Unbounded Minimax algorithm explicitly aimed at discovering balanced strategies. Experiments conducted across seven board games demonstrate that one variant consistently achieves the most balanced play, with average outcomes close to perfect balance. These results establish Minibal as a promising foundation for designing AI agents that are both challenging and engaging, suitable for both entertainment and serious games.
title Minibal: Balanced Game-Playing Without Opponent Modeling
topic Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.23059